Purpose The purpose of this study is to apply and evaluate the effectiveness of a child abuse prevention program based on the Nursing Model of Resilience and Coping Skills Training Model for unmarried mothers during pregnancy and puerperium.
Methods This study had a prospective single-case, AB design with four repeated self-questionnaire measures and three observational measures. Seven unmarried mothers were provided with 10 sessions child abuse prevention program through individual visits from 32 to 34 weeks of pregnancy to 6 weeks after childbirth. The questionnaire was composed related to resilience, maternal stress, maternal attitude, parent-child interaction, child abuse potential. The observation was measured by video recording (total 16 times) the interaction of parent-child during feeding and analyzing it by three experts. Data were analyzed by Wilcoxon signed-rank test and Friedman’s test.
Results Maternal attitude and parent-child interaction were statistically significantly improved after intervention compared to before intervention. However, maternal stress decreased after intervention compared to before intervention, but it was not statistically significant. Also, resilience and child abuse potential were not statistically significant. This program is partially effective in preventing child abuse by promoting parenting attitudes and parent-child interactions.
Conclusion This study focused on individual resilience and applied systematic intervention as coping skills training to prevent child abuse. This study is meaningful in that interventions were conducted through individual visits to unmarried mothers at high risk of child abuse, and the program was applied, including pregnancy and postpartum periods, to prevent child abuse early.
Purpose This study aimed to investigate the impact of family resilience on caregiver well-being across various age groups of children diagnosed with ADHD (attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder) groups (0–5, 6–11, and 12–17 years).
Methods Utilizing secondary data from the 2022 US National Survey of Child Health, this cross-sectional study involved 2,752 children who were formally diagnosed with ADHD. Statistical analysis included descriptive analysis, Spearman’s rank correlation, chi-square tests, and linear regression, conducted using SPSS version 27.
Results The study revealed a moderate positive correlation (r=.35, p<.001) between family resilience and caregiver well-being. Controlling for covariates, family resilience accounted for 25.2%, 21.1%, and 22.1% of caregiver well-being variance in age groups 0–5, 6–11, and 12–17 years, respectively. Additionally, factors like employment status, family structure, and caregiver age showed varying influences on caregiver well-being across these developmental stages. A consistent pattern emerged across these age groups: unemployment and non-traditional family structures were associated with negative impacts on caregiver well-being, whereas older caregiver age positively influenced well-being.
Conclusion This research underscores the importance of age-specific family resilience strategies to improve caregiver well-being and family interactions in ADHD contexts. Investigating these aspects through qualitative studies across various cultures could deepen our understanding of well-being and inform culturally sensitive interventions.
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Purpose The purpose of this study was to investigate resilience, coping, and mental health in relation to burnout and to identify factors influencing burnout in student nurses.
Methods A descriptive correlational study was conducted. The participants were 241 student nurses from 2 universities in B city. Data were analyzed using the t-test, analysis of variance, the Pearson correlation coefficient, the Scheffé test, and multiple regression analysis.
Results The mean score for burnout in student nurses was 3.01 out of 5 points. Burnout explained 29.2% of the variance in satisfaction with college life (β=-.367, p<.001), coping (β=.293, p<.001), mental health (β=.228, p=.011), and training hospital (β=-.198, p=.026).
Conclusion The results of our research suggest that satisfaction with college life is an important variable affecting burnout student nurses. Therefore, education is needed in order to develop for more effective teaching coping methods and strategies and to reduce burnout with nursing practice.
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Methods A survey was conducted with 200 nursing students at a college and a university in P city and K city. Data were collected from March 1 to 20, 2017, and analyzed with SPSS PASW 22.0.
Results In the hierarchical analysis, factors affecting resilience were emotional intelligence (β=.39, p<.001), psychological well-being (β=.31, p<.001), and self-esteem (β=.16, p=.010). The variable that had the highest impact was emotional intelligence and the explanation power of the regression model was 65%(F=34.40 p<.001).
Conclusion The findings of this study indicate that emotional intelligence, psychological well-being, and self-esteem are essential for resilience in nursing students. Thus, enhancing emotional intelligence and psychological well-being would be an effective strategy to improve resilience in nursing students.
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Purpose The purpose of this study was to explore perception of the clinical learning environment, resilience and perfectionism in relation to practice burnout and to identify factors influencing practice burnout in student nurses.
Methods A descriptive correlational study was conducted. The participants were 313 student nurses from three universities in B and U city. Data were analyzed using t-test, ANOVA, Pearson correlation coefficient, Scheffés test and multiple regression analysis.
Results Mean score for practice burnout in student nurses was 2.92 out of 5 points. Practice burnout explained 44.7% of the variance in perfectionism (β=.245, p<.001), satisfaction with college life (β=.232, p<.001), resilience (β=-.228, p<.001), clinical learning environment (β=-.193, p<.001), satisfaction with major (β=.180, p=.001), practical relationships with peers (β=.128, p=.005), and satisfaction with clinical practice (β=.124, p=.039).
Conclusion Research results suggest that the important variable for student nurses’ practice burnout is perfectionism. Therefore education is needed to develop strategies to manage perfectionism and reduce practice burnout.
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PURPOSE This study was conducted to describe the relationship of perception of parenting attitude, behavior problems and resilience of school age children. METHODS Participants were 131 children enrolled in the 4th to 6th grades. Data were collected from November 29 to December 6, 2010 using a self-report questionnaire. The questionnaire included the Parental Bonding Instrument, Korean version of Youth Self-Report, and Resilience. Data were analyzed using SPSS WIN 18.0 program. RESULTS There were significant differences in resilience according to gender, relationship with peers, academic achievement and school satisfaction. Resilience showed a positive correlation with parental bonding attitude and negative correlation with problem behavior in the children. CONCLUSION This result suggests that interventions focusing on parenting attitude to enhance resilience should be developed to help school age children.
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PURPOSE The purpose of this study was to identify the predictors influencing on resilience in adolescents with cancer. METHODS The participants consisted of 107 parents and 107 adolescents who aged ten and eighteen diagnosed with cancer more than six months and currently receiving outpatient treatment or further management after off-therapy. Data was collected using self-report questionnaires and analyzed by descriptive statistics, t-test, ANOVA, Pearson's correlation, and multiple regression. RESULTS Resilience was significantly different by religion (t=2.472, p=.045) and number of cancer treatment regimens (F=3.155, p=.047). Family problem-solving communication was also significant by number of cancer treatment regimens (F=3.582, p=.031). The higher social support showed the stronger family hardiness and the better family problem-solving communication. In addition, a positive relationship was found between Family Hardiness Index (FHI) (r=.193, p=.046), Family Problem Solving Communication (FPSC) (r=.226, p=.019) and resilience of adolescents with cancer. FPSC (beta=.356, p=.045) and religion (beta=.441, p=.002) were predictive factors at ages 10-12, FHI (beta=.509, p=.029) and FPSC (beta=.503, p=.037) were predictive factors at ages 13-15 on resilience of adolescents with cancer that explained 16.0% and 24.3% respectively. CONCLUSION The findings suggest that nursing interventions should focus on enhancing family resilience and resilience of adolescents with cancer.
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PURPOSE The purpose of this study was to investigate the relationships of ego-resilience, stress coping styles and disposition to delinquency in middle school students. METHOD The data were collected from October 15 to October 30, 2005. The subjects were 223 middle school students in 2nd grade in G city. To determine the most effective variable of ego-resilience to stress coping styles and disposition to delinquency, the dada were analyzed using Canonical correlation with SAS 9.1 TS, and Pearson's correlation with percentages, means, standard deviations with SPSS 14.0 K. RESULT Ego-resilience showed a significant positive correlation with active coping styles and a significant negative correlation with passive coping styles, and disposition to delinquency. Canonical correlation analysis of 5 sub-domains of ego-resilience showed that curiosity made the highest contribution to predicting stress coping styles and vitality made the highest contribution in predicting disposition to delinquency in middle school students. CONCLUSIONS The results of this study suggest that the development of ego-resilience for adolescents is important to improve stress coping strategies and decrease delinquency. Therefore, to increase ego-resilience, Stress Coping Programs should include curiosity and Delinquency Intervention Programs should include vitality.
PURPOSE The main objectives of this study were to examine relationship between depression and resilience in children with IDDM and identify factors associated with depression. METHOD Data were collected from 63 children whose ages ranged from 10 to 15 years and who had been diagnosed with IDDM for over six months. Resilience was measured with an instrument developed by Kim (2002) and depression with the CDI by Beck (1967). Descriptive analysis, Pearson correlation coefficients and multiple regression analyses were used to analyze the data. RESULTS The mean score for depression was 11.71 (range: 0-54) and resilience was 99.03 (range: 32-128). There was a significant positive relationship between depression and academic performance (r=0.598, p<.01), and negative relationships between depression and perceived parenting attitude (r=-0.579, p<.01) and resilience (r=-0.577, p<.01).
The result of multiple regression analysis showed that academic performance (beta=-0.419, p<.01), perceived parenting attitude (beta=-0.338, p<.01) and resilience (beta=-0.219, p<.05) were statistically significant for depression. CONCLUSIONS The children with IDDM who reported lower resilience, negative parenting attitude, and better academic performance were more depressed. It is important for nurses to identify the strengths of the children with chronic illnesses and to help them increase their resilience level to prevent depression. Parenting classes are necessary to help parents support resilience of their children and counseling programs for mothers of these children are also recommended.
Purpose The purpose of this study was to describe high-risk health behaviors in middle school adolescents and to identify factors related to this behavior. Method: This survey study employed a self administered questionnaire given to 621 students enrolled in one middle school located in Gyeonggi province. Using the cluster sampling method, 4 classes from the 7th, 8th, and 9th grades were selected. The survey was done between April 20 and May 19, 2004. Data were analyzed using SAS. Result: The results showed that 19.1% of adolescents smoked cigarettes and 8.4 % drank regularly. The mean score for resilience was 6.92 (range:0-10) and for depression, 23.62 (range:0-50). The adolescents in higher grades reported significantly more experience with pornography. Also, adolescents who reported have fewer conversations with their parents had significantly more experience with pornography. Depression was significantly higher for those students who had better academic skills and higher family income. Resilience level was significantly higher for the students who reported better schools records and higher family income. The most important factor related to the high risk behaviors, depression, and resilience was conversations with parents. Conclusion: This study suggests that to develop an effective high-risk health behavior prevention program for adolescents, it is necessary to include communication skills with the parents.
Purpose The purpose of this study was to describe the relationship between resilience and health-related quality of life and to identify the effect of resilience on health-related quality of life in children with chronic illness. Method: The participants in this study were 71 children who were seen at one of 3 hospitals, either in outpatient clinics or as admitted patients. The data were collected from March to October, 2005 and descriptive statistics, t-test or ANOVA, Pearson correlation coefficient and stepwise multiple regression were used to analyze the data. Result: Health-related quality of life was slightly low with a mean score of 2.85 (range 1-5). Health-related quality of life was significantly different according to age. There was a significant correlation between resilience and health-related quality of life. Resilience was a predictor of health-related quality of life and accounted for 45% of the variance. Conclusions: Resilience was shown to influence health-related quality of life of children with chronic illness. These findings suggest that the interventions to enhance resilience would be effective for the improvement of health-related quality of life.
PURPOSE This study was conducted to identify the relationship between resilience, coping mechanism, social support and family strengths and to explore predictors of resilience in high school adolescents. METHOD The participants in this study were 296 high school adolescents residing in two urban areas in Korea. The students completed self-report questionnaires measuring Resilience (Jew et al., 1997), Coping Mechanism (Carver et al., 1989), Social Support (Lee, 1997) and Family Strengths (Olson, 1982). RESULTS Socio-demographic characteristics of the students were found to influence resilience, coping mechanism, social support and family strengths. The results showed that resilience, problem-focused coping, social support and family strengths were correlated positively and self-esteem support, problem-focused coping, sibling's and mother's help, and instrumental support were the predictors of resilience in these students. CONCLUSION We found there were specific attributes of individual, social and family factors which predict resilience for adolescents in school. These results suggest further study to investigate the relationship between stress and resilience, identify other predictors of resilience for Korean students, and to examine whether protective factors for adolescents' problem behaviors have a similar influence on resilience.
PURPOSE The purposes of this study were to describe resilience in children with chronic illness and also to describe family resilience, and to identify correlations between the two. METHOD Data were collected from 108 children being treated by hospitals C and K in Seoul and from their families. The children were diagnosed with nephrotic syndrome, IgA nephritis, diabetes, or asthma of at least six months duration. Descriptive, t-test, one-way ANOVA, and Pearson correlation coefficients were used. RESULTS The mean score for resilience in children was 101.31 and for family resilience, 60.14. The variables showing statistically significant differences in resilience of the children according to a general characteristics were gender of the child (t=6.209, p<.05), diagnosis (F=6.315, p<.01), age of the mother (t=2.237, p<.05), and school grades (F=12.838, P<.01). In terms of family resilience according to a general characteristic, the variable showing a statistically significant difference was birth order of the child (F=13.468, p<.01). There was a significant positive correlation between resilience in the children and family resilience (r=.356, p<.01). CONCLUSIONS From the results of this study we proposed the implementation of programs to increase resilience in children with chronic illnesses and in order to positively affect the resilience in children, the implementation of programs to increase family resilience.
PURPOSE The purpose of this study was to describe the relationships between resilience, coping and adjustment to illness and to identify the effect of resilience on adjustment in children with chronic illness. METHOD The participants in this study were 71 children who were seen at one of 3 hospitals, either in outpatient clinics or as admitted patients. Instruments used in this study were self-reported questionnaires. The data were collected from March to October, 2005 and analyzed using descriptive statistics, t-test or ANOVA, Pearson correlation coefficient and stepwise multiple regression. RESULT Adjustment to illness was significantly different according to sex and birth rank. There was a significant correlation between resilience, coping and adjustment to illness. Resilience was a predictor of adjustment to illness and accounted for 28% of the variance. CONCLUSIONS These findings suggest that programs and strategies that enhance resilience by promoting social competence and support-seeking skills and by fostering self-esteem and coping should be developed for children with chronic illness.
, Won-Oak Oh
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