Purpose Simulation-based education plays a critical role in nursing by allowing students to acquire clinical competencies in a safe and controlled environment. However, current evaluation tools for simulation scenarios often lack standardization, resulting in inconsistencies when assessing the effectiveness of such programs.
Methods This study aimed to develop a comprehensive Nursing Simulation Scenario Evaluation Tool using the Real-Time Delphi method. A panel of 10 experts in nursing and simulation education participated in two rounds of surveys. The evaluation criteria were derived from the International Nursing Association for Clinical Simulation and Learning Standards of Best Practice and relevant literature. Survey items were refined through expert consensus using content validity ratios and coefficient of variation values. The finalized tool was further enhanced with artificial intelligence (AI)–based evaluation capabilities to support objective and systematic assessment. The tool was registered and patented in the Republic of Korea (Korean Intellectual Property Office Registration No. 10-2024-0051234) to acknowledge its innovation and technical merit.
Results The process resulted in an evaluation tool comprising eight key domains and 36 items, covering scenario structure, learning objectives, preparation, script development, debriefing, facilitation, expected outcomes, and scenario validity. A Kendall’s coefficient of concordance of 0.739 indicated strong agreement among the experts.
Conclusion This study successfully developed a standardized and validated tool to improve the reliability and effectiveness of simulation-based education in nursing. The tool addresses a key gap in current educational practices and enhances consistency in evaluating nursing simulation scenarios. Future studies should focus on validating its application across diverse educational environments.
Purpose This study aimed to describe the process of developing a validated pediatric nursing simulation scenario template using the real-time Delphi method.
Methods A panel of 13 pediatric nursing experts participated in a real-time Delphi survey conducted over two rounds. Initially, 83 items were included in the questionnaire focusing on the structure and content of the simulation scenario template. Data analysis involved calculating the content validity ratio (CVR) and the coefficient of variation to assess item validity and stability.
Results Through iterative rounds of the Delphi survey, a consensus was reached among the experts, resulting in the development of a pediatric nursing simulation scenario template comprising 41 items across nine parts. The CVR values ranged from 0.85 to 1.0, indicating a high consensus among experts regarding the inclusion of all items in the template.
Conclusion This study presents a novel approach for developing a pediatric nursing simulation scenario template using real-time Delphi methods. The real-time Delphi method facilitated the development of a comprehensive and scientifically grounded pediatric nursing simulation scenario template. Our template aligns with the International Nursing Association for Clinical Simulation and Learning standards, and provides valuable guidance for educators in designing effective simulation scenarios, contributing to enhanced learning outcomes and better preparation for pediatric clinical practice. However, consideration of cultural and contextual adaptations is necessary, and further research should explore alternative consensus criteria.
Citations
Citations to this article as recorded by
Development of an artificial intelligence-based nursing simulation scenario evaluation tool: a methodological study using the Real-Time Delphi method in South Korea Eun Joo Kim, Bitna Park, Geun Myun Kim, Ji Young Lim, Seong Kwang Kim Child Health Nursing Research.2025; 31(4): 257. CrossRef
Purpose The purpose of this study was to develop content for safety education to prevent hospital safety accidents among hospitalized children and to investigate the status of safety education performed by nurses.
Methods First, the Delphi method was used, with 18 experts, to develop educational contents for preventing safety accidents. Second, an exploratory survey was performed of the actual status of safety education for preventing safety accidents among hospitalized children using a questionnaire developed based on the Delphi method. The participants of this study were 159 nurses with at least 6 months of
work experience.
Results The educational content developed through the Delphi method for preventing safety accidents among hospitalized children contained seven domains (falls, injury, electric shocks/burns, suffocation/aspiration, poisoning/abuse, kidnapping, medical devices) with 44 topics. The item mean of nurses'perceptions of the importance of child safety education was 4.18, and the actual performance score was 3.72, which was a statistically significant difference (t=11.58, p<.001).
Conclusion These seven comprehensive domains of accident prevention education for hospitalized children are expected to be useful for interventions to support the safety of hospitalized children.
Citations
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Virtual reality education for preventing safety incidents in pediatric hospital settings: Quasi-experimental design pre-post-testing Raim Hyeon, Won-Oak Oh Journal of Pediatric Nursing.2025; 80: 56. CrossRef
Nurses’ Experiences from Patient Safety Incidents of Hospitalized Children: A Qualitative Study Haeyoung Lee, Yujeong Kim, Pablo Roman Journal of Nursing Management.2024;[Epub] CrossRef
The current situation of information literacy education and curriculum design in Pakistan: a discovery using Delphi method Syeda Hina Batool, Ata ur Rehman, Imran Sulehri Library Hi Tech.2022; 40(6): 1705. CrossRef
The Hospital Safety Scale for Kids: Development of a new measurement tool for hospitalized children Won-Oak Oh, Daejin Song, Jihee Han, Mi Youn Park, Il Tae Park Journal of Child Health Care.2021; 25(1): 146. CrossRef
An Educational Intervention to Improve Staff Collaboration and Enhance Knowledge of Fall Risk Factors and Prevention Guidelines Kimberly A. DiGerolamo, Mei Lin Chen-Lim Journal of Pediatric Nursing.2021; 57: 43. CrossRef
Effectiveness of mHealth–Safe Kids Hospital for the prevention of hospitalized children safety incidents: A randomized controlled trial Il Tae Park, Won‐Oak Oh, Gwang‐Cheon Jang, Jihee Han Journal of Nursing Scholarship.2021; 53(5): 623. CrossRef
Development and Effects of a Mobile Application for Safety Incident Prevention among Hospitalized Korean Children: A pilot Study of Feasibility and Acceptability Jihee Han, Won-Oak Oh, Il Tae Park, Anna Lee Journal of Pediatric Nursing.2020; 51: e69. CrossRef
Developing a conceptual model of pediatric inpatient safety accidents: A mixed methods approach Won‐Oak Oh, EunJoo Kim, YeoJin Im, Jihee Han, Mirim Kim Nursing & Health Sciences.2020; 22(3): 777. CrossRef
Purpose The purpose of this study was to develop a first aid coaching program (FACP) and to investigate its effects on the first aid knowledge, confidence, and performance of childcare teachers.
Methods A Delphi survey that included 16 experts was used to develop the FACP. A total of 60 participants were included to test the effectiveness of the program. The FACP developed using the survey results focused on improving first aid knowledge, confidence, and performance using a coaching-based method. First aid and cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) performance was assessed using 39 items from the program content.
Results Using a 3-round Delphi survey, 6 areas and 42 detailed topics for group and individual coaching programs were developed. The knowledge scores were significantly higher in the experimental group than in the control group (t=4.24, p=.001). The confidence scores were significantly higher in the experimental group than in the control group (F=3.89, p<.001). The performance scores were significantly higher in the experimental group than in the control group (t=12.40, p<.001).
Conclusion Continuous application of the FACP among child care teachers is expected to minimize the harm caused by minor accidents at child care facilities. This program should be formally implemented on a consistent basis.
Citations
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Effectiveness of a Nurse‐Led Education Program in Childcare Settings: A Systematic Review Chakkrich Pidjadee, Kim Lam Soh, Hasni Idayu Saidi, Tassanee Attharos, Kim Geok Soh, Kanjana Siricharoenwong Worldviews on Evidence-Based Nursing.2025;[Epub] CrossRef
Unintentional injuries at home and in the preschool setting: Greek ECEC professionals’ and preschoolers’ parents’ knowledge and attitudes towards first aid Konstantina Rentzou, George Daglas Journal of Childhood, Education & Society.2024; 5(3): 371. CrossRef
Preparing teacher to be a lifesaver: A preexperimental study Nawaf Amro, AndaleebM. Abu Kamel, Salam Khatib Nursing and Midwifery Studies.2022; 11(4): 276. CrossRef
, Bitna Park
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