Purpose
This study aimed to identify the factors influencing positive subjective health awareness of middle school-age multicultural adolescents in Korea.
Methods
This study used data from the fourth to sixth waves of the Multicultural Adolescents Panel Study conducted by the National Youth Policy Institute. In this study, a panel logit model analysis was performed using the Eviews 8.0 program (p<.050).
Results
Socioeconomic status (r=.02, t=2.13, p=.033), body satisfaction (r=.71, t=1.97, p=.048), and depression (r=-.74, t=2.35, p=.018) influenced positive subjective health awareness in multicultural adolescents. When multicultural characteristics were entered into a statistical model with environmental and personal characteristics, multicultural characteristics did not have a significant influence on positive subjective health awareness.
Conclusion
Environmental, personal, and multicultural characteristics were related to positive subjective health awareness in multicultural adolescents; thus, an integrated approach considering those variables is recommended. Nursing interventions and educational programs are needed to improve the psychological status of multicultural adolescents and reduce prejudice about them. In addition, nurses need to be sensitive to multicultural characteristics and the developmental characteristics of multicultural adolescents.

Citations

• Acculturative stress and social isolation in multicultural adolescents: A moderated mediation model of social withdrawal and in-school support
  Woo Gwan Jo, Joseph Ahn, Wonjong Horace Lee
  International Journal of Intercultural Relations.2026; 110: 102324.     CrossRef
• Factors affecting the mental health status of children from multicultural families in South Korea: a cross-sectional descriptive analysis of data from the multicultural adolescents panel study
  Sunyeob Choi
  Child Health Nursing Research.2023; 29(1): 60.     CrossRef

Purpose
This study investigated intentions and attitudes towards future parenthood and awareness of fertility among university students in South Korea.
Methods
The participants comprised 166 female and male undergraduate students enrolled at five universities. A cross-sectional survey was conducted from May to July 2019 using the Korean version of the Fertility Awareness Questionnaire and Attitudes of Parenthood. The data were analyzed using descriptive statistics based on participants' general characteristics, the x² test to identify differences in intentions, and the t-test to evaluate attitudes towards parenthood and awareness of fertility in female and male students.
Results
Both female and male students desired to have two children, but they lacked awareness about fertility. The possibility of combining work and having children, along with the availability of childcare resources, impacted the desire for parenthood. Male students tended to consider parenthood as less impactful on their lives and careers than female students. Social structures might also impact the decision to have children.
Conclusion
It is important to provide health education emphasizing fertility awareness and parenthood in young adulthood so participants can consider these facts in advance. In addition, the government should provide resources for couples making parenthood decisions.

Citations

• Childbearing intentions and influencing factors among single young adults in South Korea: a cross-sectional study
  Hyewon Shin, Anna Lee, Sunyeob Choi, Minjeong Jo
  Child Health Nursing Research.2025; 31(1): 15.     CrossRef
• Does perceived gender conflict shape young Koreans' attitudes toward marriage and childbearing?
  Min‐Ah Lee, Rira Song, Juyeon Park
  Journal of Marriage and Family.2025; 87(4): 1816.     CrossRef
• Fertility Awareness and Parenthood Intentions Among Physicians in Jazan, Saudi Arabia: A Cross-Sectional Study
  Tahani Shar, Fatima Bakheit
  Cureus.2025;[Epub]     CrossRef
• Factors influencing childbirth intention and the moderating role of values regarding children among nursing students in Korea: a cross-sectional study
  Yunmi Kim, Seryeong Kim
  Women's Health Nursing.2025; 31(3): 268.     CrossRef
• Women’s Attitudes Toward Fertility and Childbearing: A National Cross-Sectional Study in Saudi Arabia
  Deemah Ateeq AlAteeq, Ebtihag O. Alenzi, Reema Abdulrahman Alamri, Abeer Abdulkarim Aloraini, Dimah Saif Alassaf, Nujud Ibrahim Almutlaq, Shatha Saleh Aloglla, Albatool Abdullah Almajhad, Rana Hussain Jahhaf
  Healthcare.2025; 13(20): 2616.     CrossRef
• Gender equity and sustainable development through the lens of fertility intentions among highly educated women: a systematic review and meta-analysis
  Ruobing Mei, Minghui Tan, Mengyun Liu, Leesa Lin
  BMC Public Health.2025;[Epub]     CrossRef
• Parenthood intentions of 16–18-year-olds in England: a survey of school students
  Rina Biswakarma, Katherine Maslowski, Michael J. Reiss, Joyce C. Harper
  Human Fertility.2024;[Epub]     CrossRef
• Assessment of Reproductive Health Knowledge Among College Students in Northwestern India: A Cross-Sectional Study
  Shilpa Dutta, Akash More, Sanket Mahajan, Neha Nawale, Namrata Choudhary, Deepti Shrivastava
  Cureus.2024;[Epub]     CrossRef
• Gender differences in willingness for childbirth, fertility knowledge, and value of motherhood or fatherhood and their associations among college students in South Korea, 2021
  Hae Won Kim, Seo Yun Kim
  Archives of Public Health.2023;[Epub]     CrossRef
• University students’ fertility awareness and its influencing factors: a systematic review
  Yue Ren, Yue Xie, Qulian Xu, Miaochen Long, Ying Zheng, Lin Li, Changmin Niu
  Reproductive Health.2023;[Epub]     CrossRef
• The role of the Coronavirus pandemic on childbearing intentions in Iranian women based on path analysis: A cross-sectional study
  Mojdeh Banaei, Nourossadat Kariman, Hamid Sharif Nia, Tahereh Mokhtarian-Gilani
  International Journal of Reproductive BioMedicine .2023; 21(1): 43.     CrossRef
• Translation and psychometric evaluation of the Korean version of the fertility awareness and attitudes towards parenthood questionnaire
  Hyewon Shin, Minjoo Hong, Minjeong Jo, Jungmin Lee
  Child Health Nursing Research.2021; 27(3): 256.     CrossRef

Purpose
The purpose of this study was to examine the awareness of fathers about early childhood parenting.
Methods
Selected fathers of children in early childhood were interviewed, and an open-ended questionnaire was utilized to identify the fathers’ awareness of the meaning of parenting, priority for parenting, opinions on paternal roles as a child raiser, parenting difficulties, and what education they wanted to receive as fathers. After their statements were collected, a content analysis was done.
Results
Results of the content analysis showed there were 45 significant statements, which were classified into 17 categories. The fathers saw the meaning of parenting as being in five different domains: social, cognitive, emotional, physical and environmental. As for paternal roles, they thought that a fathers should serve as emotional supporters. The parenting difficulties that they faced were attributed to time constraints.
Conclusion
For fathers, development of parent education programs that deal with early childhood parenting knowledge, communication methods and how to play with children according to their developmental stages are required, and qualitative research should be implemented to keep track of the process of changes in parenting characteristics.

The purpose of this study was to investigate gender differences in behavioral characteristics and their awareness of obese school children. The results were as follows : 1. In comparison with eating habits and food preference, the girls had more irregular breakfast and were likely to have vegetables/fruits than the boys. 2. In characteristics related to exercise and activities, boys did more exercise than girls. Particularly, in lunch free time, boys participated in playing various active excercise with friends, but girls participated in more non-active behaviors(such as, chattering, reading, or playing jack-stones). 3. In comparison with their awareness related to obese persons, about a half of boys had positive opinions(e, grong, healthy.), but about only 20% of girls had positive opinions.

PURPOSE
This study examined the awareness and attitudes of parents of 5th and 6th graders toward own children smoking.
METHOD
The participants were 766 parents of 5th and 6th graders in 11 elementary schools located in J city. Data were collected through questionnaires, which were constructed to include parents' recognition of harms to their own children cause by smoking, factors which influence their children to smoke, and parental supportive strategies to prevent smoking.
RESULT
The percentage of parents who answered that they did not know if their children were smoking was 94.8%, while the percentage of parents who answered that they knew that their children were smoking was 3.5%. Only 30% of parents had actually spoken with their children about the dangers of smoking. The mean parental recognition of the dangers of smoking was 3.16 points. Parental strategy for preventing and prohibiting smoking with the higher mean scores included forbidding children from entering bars and nightclubs which had the highest scores at 3.55 points; forbidding the sale of cigarettes to children was next at 3.54 points.
CONCLUSION
To prevent children from smoking, the role and attitude of parents is crucial. But the study results show that the role of parental guidance in preventing underage smoking was insufficient and under appreciated. Therefore, more systematic educational programs on preventing underage smoking are essential for parents.