Purpose This study investigated the effects of healthy lifestyle interventions (HLSIs) on health-related quality of life (HR-QoL) in childhood and adolescent cancer survivors (CACS).
Methods Major databases were searched for English-language original articles published between January 1, 2000 and May 2, 2021. Randomized controlled trials (RCTs) and non-RCTs were included. Quality was assessed using the revised Cochrane risk-of-bias tool, and a meta-analysis was conducted using RevMan 5.3 software.
Results Nineteen studies were included. Significant effects on HR-QoL were found for interventions using a multi-modal approach (exercise and education) (d=-0.46; 95% confidence interval [CI]=-0.84 to -0.07, p=.02), lasting not less than 6 months (d=-0.72; 95% CI=-1.15 to -0.29, p=.0010), and using a group approach (d=-0.46; 95% CI=-0.85 to -0.06, p=.02). Self-efficacy showed significant effects when HLSIs provided health education only (d=-0.55; 95% CI=-0.92 to -0.18; p=.003), lasted for less than 6 months (d=-0.40; 95% CI=-0.69 to -0.11, p=.006), and were conducted individually (d=-0.55; 95% CI=-0.92 to -0.18, p=.003). The physical outcomes (physical activity, fatigue, exercise capacity-VO2, exercise capacity-upper body, body mass index) revealed no statistical significance.
Conclusion Areas of HLSIs for CACS requiring further study were identified, and needs and directions of research for holistic health management were suggested.
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Methods Major databases were searched (Ovid-Medline, PubMed, Cochrane Library, CINAHL, and RISS). The frequency of maltreatment was measured for the meta-analysis, which was conducted using Review Manager 5.2 software. The effect size was measured using odds ratios (ORs).
Results Six studies were included in the analysis, none of which were conducted in South Korea. The meta-analysis demonstrated that the risk of child maltreatment recurrence significantly decreased after a home visiting program was implemented (OR=0.45, 95% confidence interval [CI]=0.29-0.68). Nurses were the most common intervention providers.
Conclusion Home visiting programs should be provided for families in which maltreatment has already occurred to prevent the recurrence of maltreatment and foster a home environment in which children can live safely. Since the rate of child maltreatment in Korea is increasing, further research is needed to develop and implement home visiting programs in which nurses play a major role in preventing the recurrence of child maltreatment.
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Purpose This systematic review and meta-analysis investigated the effects of parenting education programs (PEPs) for refugee and migrant parents.
Methods A systematic review was conducted according to PRISMA guidelines. Relevant studies published from 2000 to 2020 were identified through a systematic search of six electronic databases (PubMed, Embase, Cochrane Library, CINAHL, RISS, KMBASE). A meta-analysis of the studies was then undertaken.
Results Of the 14,996 published works identified, 23 studies satisfied the inclusion criteria, and 19 studies were analyzed to estimate the effect sizes (standardized mean differences) of the PEPs using random-effect models. PEPs were effective for parenting efficacy (effect size [ES]=1.40; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.14-1.66), positive parenting behaviors (ES=0.51; 95% CI: 0.30-0.73), parent-child relationships (ES=0.38; 95% CI: 0.22-0.53), and parenting stress (ES=0.64; 95% CI: 0.50-0.79). There were statistically significant differences in the effect sizes of PEPs that included mothers only (ES=0.93), included children under 7 years of age(ES=0.91), did not include child participation (0.77), continued for 19 or more sessions (ES=0.80), and were analyzed in quasi-experimental studies (ES=0.86). The overall effect of publication bias was robust.
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Results Smoking prevention programs significantly reduced smoking behaviors (OR=0.85, 95% CI=0.77~0.93). School-based programs (OR=0.79, 95% CI=0.75~0.83), programs by trained teachers or educators (OR=0.77, 95% CI=0.71~0.83), high-intensity programs (OR=0.82, 95% CI=0.75~0.91), and programs in an in-school setting (OR=0.82, 95% CI=0.74~0.90) had the most significant effect on reducing smoking behavior.
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Methods This descriptive study analyzed secondary data from the 2015 Korea Youth Gambling Problem Survey, including 1,200 out-of-school adolescents. Latent class analysis was conducted to identify patterns of gambling activities. The factors related to gambling subgroups were verified with multinomial logistic regression.
Results Three latent classes of gambling activities were identified: rarely gambling (RG), immediate gain gambling (IGG), and broad gambling (BG). These subgroups differed significantly in terms of gender, age at and type of first gambling experience, number and type of gambling activities, gambling frequency, time and money spent on gambling, problem gambling severity, and motivation for gambling. Compared to the RG subgroup, both the IGG and BG subgroups were strongly associated with an older age at the first gambling experience.
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Purpose This study presents methodological research that aimed to verify the content validity, construct validity, reliability, and criterion-related validity of the Child Abuse Potential Inventory (CAPI), originally developed by Milner and then translated into Korean by Ahn.
Methods Data used in this study were collected from 209 mothers of infants, toddlers, and children of preschool age in D metropolitan city. The collected data were analyzed using SPSS version 24.
Results The Korean version of the Child Abuse Potential Inventory (K-CAPI) was developed by condensing 44 of the original 77 CAPI items. Four factors of K-CAPI were extracted using principal component analysis. These 4 factors-distress; problems with child, self, family, and others; unhappiness; rigidity-accounted for 54.01% of variance. The Cronbach's ⍺ was .96, the Guttman split-half coefficient was .88, and test-retest reliability was r=.86 (p<.001).
Conclusion The results of this study established the reliability and validity of the K-CAPI and found it to be an appropriate tool to evaluate mothers’ potential to abuse their children.
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Purpose This study was done to conduct a meta-analysis of articles describing randomized controlled trials which showed substantiated effects for home-based child abuse prevention programs for all parents.
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Results The total random effect size was 0.344 (Parents outcome, 0.333; Child outcome, 0.310; Environment, 0.275). The home based intervention for parents was effective for prevention of potential child abuse.
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Purpose It is critical that evidence from research is applied to everyday nursing practice to improve the quality of care and health outcomes. Aims of this study were to review high-risk infant related studies published in major nursing and non-nursing journals in Korea and to assess the quality of intervention studies.
Methods Through the Korean literature search engine of RISS.KR the authors identified 132 studies, and two researchers evaluated each of these studies using the analysis criteria. The quality of intervention studies was assessed using the van Tulder Scale.
Results Among the studies, 40.2% were either thesis or dissertation and 86.4% were quantitative studies. Convenience sampling was the most commonly used sampling method. All experimental studies were quasi-experiment except one pre-experiment study. Sensory stimulation and kangaroo care were the most common interventions for high-risk infants. Over half of the intervention studies were assessed to be “low risk of bias” but both randomization and blinding processes were not adequately satisfied in most of the studies.
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PURPOSE The purpose of this study was to analyze papers on child rearing in Korea and to suggest future research and nursing practice directions for child rearing. METHODS An on-line search via 5 web sites yielded 201 research papers. The analysis of key concepts was based on the attributes of parenting and type of knowledge held by the parents. RESULTS The research papers found in the search were 27.3% experimental and 72.7% non-experimental. Among the participants, 77.0% of parents raising the child were mothers and the children were mostly young children under the age of one year. Types of knowledge related to child rearing varied widely, but explanatory knowledge (55.2%) was the most common, followed by prescriptive knowledge (30.0%) and descriptive knowledge (14.8%). For attributes of parenting, reaction to parenting (49.9%) followed by parenting behavior/practice (43.1%) was most common. CONCLUSION Findings of this study indicate that further research is necessary regarding fathers and surrogate caregivers and on prescriptive knowledge for health promotion of children at different developmental stages.
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PURPOSE This study was conducted to analyze the discourse of puberty in the early teenage girls. METHOD The participants were 24, 11-15years old girls who were interviewed in face-to-face using a semi-structured questionnaire. The interviews were done between October 29 and December 27 2003. Analysis of the qualitative data was done in 2 steps. RESULTS First, the theme of the girls' puberty discourse was identifying normality and consisted of 5 categories : i) defining puberty as experiencing changes, ii) acknowledging their own puberty connecting it with their definitions of puberty, iii) selectively excluding/recognizing the actual pubertal changes by seeing themselves as nonsexual and negative beings, iv) recognizing the pubertal changes as becoming women and making them not peculiar but normal, and v) sharing the knowledge and experience of change inactively and exclusively and resisting the dominant discourse. Three main discourse frames, marking off sexual/nonsexual, man/women, and major/minor were revealed in the second step of the analysis. They were intricately woven with each other and converged on sex. CONCLUSION The girls posited themselves as being asexual, unstable, and marginal. So there is a need to help them recognize their pubertal state as physical and mental paradigmatic changes and assure their pubertal changes as positive.
PURPOSE This study was meta-analysis study that it was to analyze the effect of sensory stimulation on preterm infants. METHOD The sample of this study is 18 researches of selected by criteria. The conclusion of study was that sensory stimulation of preterm infants is effective.RESULT: Most large effect size was Katz(1991)'s study(d=1.96), small effect size was Caine(1991), s(d=0.37). Especially multimodal sensory stimulation(d=1.2) was more effective than unimodal sensory stimulation(0.53). Also behavioral variable of preterm infans was most sensitivity indicator. CONCLUSION According to the result, the study on sensory stimulation should be research according to the gestational age and birth weight of preterm infants. In addition, the feasible sensory intervention should be develop.
This meta-analysis was conducted to evaluate the effects of the supportive nursing intervention and analyze its components in 14 studies carried out from Jan. 1980 to Jun.
1997. The supportive nursing intervention studies divided into three types according to the components of conceptual definitons.; (1)supportive nursing behavior, (2)social support, and (3)combination of social support and supportive nursing behavior. The various terms referred to the supportive nursing intervention didn't have the clear differentiating conceptual and operational definitions and the logical relationship among them. The effects of supportive nursing intervention were measured by the 23 dependent variables using self-report and the 5 dependent variables using physiological indices. The dependent variables were measured more than two were role behavior compliance, anxiety, depression, health belief, knowledge about the disease, helplessness and stressful behavior response. The average effects of the supportive nursing intervention ranged from 0.218 to 2.745 for the d index. The three variables of them, which were anxiety, depression and stressful behavior response, were homogeneous statistically by homogeniety test. Results of the meta- analysis indicated that the supportive nursing intervention had moderate to large effects on anxiety(d=0.41), depression (d=0.66) and stressful behavior response (d=0.86).
The purpose of this study was to reveal what influences the divergent methodological researches have brought the nursing practice in during the past 3 decades. The nursing record sheets ie, the nursing discourses were analyzed to know the knowledges that were recorded, accepted and communicated in nursing practice at pediatric intensive care units, and unclosed the philosophical and methodological position of that knowledges. The texts were 13 sheets, 3 kinds of nursing record(7 24hours flow charts, 4 nursing information record sheets and 2 transfer record sheets) used at 4 hospitals. The unit of analysis was 'word'. First, all words of the sheets were listed up, clustered into categories based on their contents. And then, the larger conceptual themes were drawn to elucidate the effect of the knowledge/power and the philosophical and methodological position of that knowledges. To enhanced the validity of the analysis, the data were analyzed by two researchers.
The 'words' were classified into 3 categories; 'general information', 'assessment' and 'intervention'. The conceptual themes of the texts were 'the gaze for quantification and objectification' and 'technical/assimilated caring'. This themes reflected the logic positivistic and biomedical view that had dominated at clinical practice. Nursing has endeavored to resist the logic- positivistic knowledge/power and to established the nursing knowledge/power based on multiple philosophies and methodologies, especially phenomenological-interpretative.
But the results of this study revealed that such efforts in nursing theory and research couldn't influenced the knowledge of practice. Logic positivism was yet so strong and the biomedical model yet dominated in the clinical practice. It identified that the borrowed theory and the knowledge from the received view gave nursing the power. But they were modalities that reinforced the dominant, medical power.
Nursing has investigate the other positions (feminism, Habermas' critical social theory and Foucault's discourse theory). This positions suggest different assumptions but share the common concepts; equality, emancipation and freedom. The important point is how make these concepts the practical for nursing knowledge/ power in practice. We must recognize that the praxis at clinical setting take place at the field unlike theoretical praxis. The change of clinical practice is the social, economic and political change.
The purpose of this study was to analyze and identify the higher-grade primary school children's needs for sexual education. We got the data with open question from 481 children from March to July 1999. We analyzed them according to the framework suggested by the Sex Information and Education Council of USA. The framework involves the six domains such as human development, relationship, personal skills, sexual behavior, sexual health, and society & culture. In the analysis of need for sexual education according to domain, need for human development was highest (79.2 %), after that followed society & culture (8.3 %), sexual health (5.8%), sexual behavior (3.6%), and relationships (3.1%). There was no need for personal skills.
By topics, there were needs for puberty (38.0%), reproduction (32.5%), gender roles (6.0%), body image (4.9%), sexual abuse (2.4%) and reproductive health (2.4%).
Girls and boys all mostly wanted to know human development 41.0 % and 38.2 % each. Society & culture (3.4 %), sexual behaviour (2.7%), sexual health (2.6%), relationship (2.4%) were domains selected by boys. Girls wanted to know society & culture (4.9%) and 'sexual health (3.2%). Comparing by grade, fourth, fifth and sixth grade children are commonly interested in development, society & culture. Fourth grade children scarcely show attention on the relationship, sexual behaviour and sexual health; meanwhile sixth grade children would like to know sexual behaviour and sexual health. When their grade became higher, they would like to know more precise, concrete and deep information. We suggest that the textbook/guidebook for sexual health for the higher-grade primary school children should be developed considering the sex and grade.
Rearing is important to the growth and development of the child. Traditionally, nurturing is a maternal role which is expressive role.
Maternal role was composed of mothering and maternicity.
Rearing is a key concept of psychology, education and sociology discipline. Knowledge of the rearing is an essential component for the development of nursing as a science and a profession.
The frist thing to study a concept is thought to be a concept analysis. So, in this study, concept analysis of the rearing was performed to clarify a concept of the rearing as a basis for the study of rearing afterward. The approach used for the concept analysis was the approach presented by Walker and Avant(1993).
The defining attributes of rearing, identified in this study were (1) a series of caring activities in parent-child relation, (2) an essential of the growth and development of a child, (3) changeable according to time, place and object, (4) effort is necessary to the rearing, (5) positive or negative aspects (6) attitude, behavior, environment is sub-concepts of the rearing concept.
The identified antecedents of the rearing was child-birth.
The identified consequences of rearing were desirable or undesirable outcomes. Desirable outcome was the emotional satisfaction and growth in parent-child relation.
Undesirable outcome was the emotional disorder and social maladaptation of the child.
The empirical referents of the rearing could be the caring phenomena in parent-child relation.