Purpose
The purpose of this study was to explore the structure of variables in studies related to unmarried mothers (UMs) based on Neuman's systems model, and the stressors and stress responses of UMs.
Methods
Whittemore and Knafl’s methodology for integrative reviews was applied. The literature was searched using five electronic databases (KISS, KMbase, KoreaMed, NDSL, and RISS) and a total of 99 variables were collected from 15 studies published between 2009 and 2019.
Results
The main stressors for UMs were a sense of loss and burden caused by childbirth and childrearing. The main stress responses were parenting stress and depression, respectively. Within the basic structure of variables related to UMs, self-esteem played a crucial role by helping UMs adapt to their situation. Meanwhile, social support of UMs was significantly correlated with parenting stress, depression, and self-esteem.
Conclusion
In order to understand UMs' stress, is necessary to explore their sense of loss, burden, and self-esteem. Furthermore, it is important to assess the level of parenting stress and depression of UMs and to provide effective interventions to alleviate these stressors. The results of this study provide useful knowledge that can be applied to nursing assessment and interventions for stress management in UMs.

Citations

• Change in self-construal: a repertory grid technique study of women admitted to a Mother and Baby Unit
  Eleanor E. Wozniak, Dougal Julian Hare, Lynsey Gregg, Anja Wittkowski
  Frontiers in Psychiatry.2024;[Epub]     CrossRef
• Effectiveness of a natural wellness group program using interactive real-time video for unmarried mothers: A quasi-experimental study
  Kyung-Sook Bang, Sungjae Kim, Sinyoung Choi, Gumhee Lee, Misook Kim, Da-Ae Shin, Jan Christopher Cwik
  PLOS ONE.2023; 18(4): e0284340.     CrossRef
• Effects of emotion coaching group programme for mothers of preschool children with smart device overdependence: a mixed methods study
  Gumhee Lee, Sungjae Kim
  BMC Nursing.2023;[Epub]     CrossRef
• Intervention Studies on the Enhancement of Self-Concept Among Adolescent Mothers: A Systematic Review
  Kyung-Sook Bang, Sungjae Kim, Gumhee Lee, Yeseul Jeong, Da-ae Shin, Misook Kim
  Journal of Psychosocial Nursing and Mental Health .2022; 60(3): 31.     CrossRef
• Factors Related to Smartphone Overdependence in Mothers of Preschoolers: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
  Gumhee Lee, Eunjin Yang
  Journal of Psychosocial Nursing and Mental Health .2022; 60(3): 40.     CrossRef
• The experience of unmarried mothers raising their children in residential facilities: a phenomenological qualitative study
  Sungjae Kim, Kyung-Sook Bang, Yeseul Jeong, Gumhee Lee, Da-Ae Shin, Misook Kim
  BMC Women's Health.2022;[Epub]     CrossRef
• Role of community health nurse in the prevention of elderly dehydration
  Mostafa SHABAN, Huda Hamdy MOHAMMED, Sahar Hassan
  Journal of Integrative Nursing.2022; 4(3): 166.     CrossRef
• The Development of a Health Promotion Program for Unmarried Mothers Living in Residential Facilities Using Urban Forests: An Intervention Mapping Approach Based on the Transtheoretical Model
  Kyung-Sook Bang, Sungjae Kim, Gumhee Lee, Sinyoung Choi, Da-Ae Shin, Misook Kim
  International Journal of Environmental Research an.2021; 18(16): 8684.     CrossRef

Purpose
This study explored the relationships of maturity fears and appearance interest(interest in appearance, interest in weight) with self-concept among girls with precocious puberty.
Methods
The participants for this study were 120 elementary school students (8 to 10 years old) and their parents from two hospitals located in Chungcheong Province. Data were collected from January to February 2019 using self-reported questionnaires. The collected data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, the independent t-test, the Mann-Whitney U test, one-way analysis of variance, Pearson correlation coefficients, and multiple regression analysis in SPSS for Windows version 23.0.
Results
Statistically significant negative correlations were found between self-concept and maturity fears (r=-.34, p<.001) and interest in weight (r=-.29, p=.001). Maturity fears were identified as a factor affecting the self-concept of girls with precocious puberty (β=-.34, p<.001). This variable explained 11.5% of the variance in the self-concept of girls who experienced precocious puberty.
Conclusion
This study confirmed that maturity fears had a major influence on self-concept in girls with precocious puberty. The results of this study can be used as basic data for the development of a psychosocial nursing intervention program for girls who experience precocious puberty.

Citations

• A study on the reliability and validity of the Korean version of the parenting outcome expectancy scale for parents of elementary school students
  Yoonjung Kim, Jungmin Lee, Ratchneewan Ross
  Frontiers in Psychology.2023;[Epub]     CrossRef
• Perception of precocious puberty among school-aged children in South Korea with the experience of treatment for precocious puberty: a Q methodological approach
  Sun Jung Park, Hye Ri Nam, Eun Ju Choi
  Child Health Nursing Research.2023; 29(3): 195.     CrossRef
• Perceptions and Treatment of Precocious Puberty: A Questionnaire Survey among Caregivers in South Korea
  Soo Bo Shim, Ji Hyun Song, Hye Lim Lee, Chou-Chin Lan
  Evidence-Based Complementary and Alternative Medic.2022; 2022: 1.     CrossRef

Purpose
This study was done to examine whether depression, self-esteem, and social support influence suicidal ideation among college students.
Methods
Using a correlation study design, participants were recruited from two universities selected by convenience sampling. Data were collected from June 1, to August 31, 2014 from the 206 participants included in the study. The data were analyzed using SPSS/WIN 18.0.
Results
There was a significant correlation between depression, self esteem, social support, and suicidal ideation. Suicidal ideation was negatively correlated with self-esteem (r=-.64, p<.001) and social support (r=-.45, p<.001), while, suicidal ideation showed a positive correlation with depression (r=.69, p<.001). The significant predictors related to suicidal ideation were depression, self-esteem, and social support.
Conclusion
Findings indicate that sensitively assessing depression in college students and efforts to reduce depression can reduce the risk of suicide. Self-esteem and social support of college students are also important resources for suicide prevention.

Citations

• Clinically validated depression dataset aligned with DSM-5 criteria for major depressive disorder (MDD)
  Jaedong Oh, Jooyoung Lim, Hayoung Oh
  Expert Systems with Applications.2026; 296: 128691.     CrossRef
• Experiences of Adolescent Suicide Attempters and their Parents in Isfahan, Iran: A Phenomenological Study
  Athar Izadi, Mahrokh Keshvari
  Iranian Journal of Nursing and Midwifery Research.2025; 30(3): 302.     CrossRef
• ‘SHAPING’ The Response to Students at-Risk: Suicidal Thoughts, Self-Harm Behavior, Past Suicide Attempts and Help-Seeking Preferences Among Students in an Irish College
  Louise Doyle, Brian Keogh, Lucia Nwabueze, Nina Slingerland, Aviejay Paul, Ciaran Carr, Chuck Rashleigh
  Journal of College Student Mental Health.2025; : 1.     CrossRef
• Endogenous Oxytocin and Depressive Symptoms in Drug Abstainers: The Roles of Perceived Social Support and Drug Abstinence Self-Efficacy
  Qingqi Zhang, Bingtao Zhou, Xiaoqian Liu, Da Yi, Ai Ma, Yumeng Liu, Ke Qi
  Psychology Research and Behavior Management.2025; Volume 18: 2193.     CrossRef
• The relationship between physical activity and college students' perceived social support: The mediating role of social–emotional competence and its gender differences
  Junwen Shu, Zhaojun Chen, Bingbing Zhong, Zifan Ding, Shaohua Tang, Zongchen Sun, Yuan Gao, Hangzhi Zhou, Guanghao Cao, Chong Liu, Chunlei Zhang, Yanfeng Han, Hao Chen, Chungui Hu, Chencheng Wang, Jun Yan
  Journal of Community & Applied Social Psychology.2024;[Epub]     CrossRef
• Resilience and social support as protective factors against suicidal ideation among tertiary students during COVID-19: a cross-sectional study
  Špela Selak, Nuša Crnkovič, Andrej Šorgo, Branko Gabrovec, Katarina Cesar, Mark Žmavc
  BMC Public Health.2024;[Epub]     CrossRef
• Influencing factors of resilience of dental hygiene students
  Hee-Hong Min, Hye-Jin Lee
  Journal of Korean Academy of Oral Health.2022; 46(1): 40.     CrossRef
• Prevalence and Correlational Factors of Suicidal Ideation and Suicide Attempts Among Chinese Adolescents
  Yan Yan, Xiaosong Gai
  Frontiers in Psychology.2022;[Epub]     CrossRef
• The effect of resilient counseling on the symptoms of premenstrual syndrome among adolescent girls in Hamadan, Iran, 2018: A clinical trial
  Narges Babakhani, SeyedehZahra Masoumi, Batoul Khodakarami, Hossein Mohagheghi, Maryam Farhadian
  Nursing and Midwifery Studies.2022; 11(3): 198.     CrossRef
• Technology-Facilitated Sexual Violence: Prevalence, Risk, and Resiliency in Undergraduate Students
  Lindsey A. Snaychuk, Melanie L. O’Neill
  Journal of Aggression, Maltreatment & Trauma.2020; 29(8): 984.     CrossRef
• The Effects of Acculturative Stress, Career Stress, and Social Support on Depression in Korean International Students in China
  Ah Ra Lee, Hye Kyung Lee
  Journal of Korean Academy of Community Health Nurs.2020; 31(1): 96.     CrossRef
• Mediating Effects of Interpersonal Problems in the Relationship between Social Network Service Use Tendency and Depression among University Students
  Min-Jeong Park, Mi Young Chung
  Journal of Korean Academy of Community Health Nurs.2019; 30(1): 38.     CrossRef
• Relationships among Lifestyle, Depression, Anxiety, and Reproductive Health in Female University Students
  Ju-Hee Nho, Sung-Hee Yoo
  Korean Journal of Women Health Nursing.2018; 24(1): 80.     CrossRef
• The relationship between PTSD and suicidality among Wenchuan earthquake survivors: The role of PTG and social support
  Jing Guo, Chengcheng Liu, Dexia Kong, Phyllis Solomon, Mingqi Fu
  Journal of Affective Disorders.2018; 235: 90.     CrossRef
• Effect of Self-Esteem, Emotional Intelligence and Psychological Well-Being on Resilience in Nursing Students
  Young Eun Lee, Eunyoung Kim, Sun Young Park
  Child Health Nursing Research.2017; 23(3): 385.     CrossRef