Purpose The purpose of the study was to describe the parenting experience of parents of children with chronic illness in Korea.
Methods A conventional contents analysis was used for the study. Twelve mothers of chronically ill children participated in the study. Qualitative data were analyzed using the Morse and Field method.
Results Four categories, 10 subcategories and 42 codes emerged from the data on the parenting experience of parents of children with chronic illness. The four categories were ‘Sacrifice and full-engagement within self-mortification’, ‘Renormalization of collapsed daily life’, ‘Paving a new way for independence’ and ‘Growing together of myself and the family’.
Conclusion Parents of children with chronic illness experienced not only negative aspects such as a confusion but also re-normalization and growing together. Based on the results, health professionals need to develop effective nursing interventions toward positive parenting for these parents and their children with chronic illnesses.
Citations
Citations to this article as recorded by
Spousal support, parent–nurse partnership and caregiver burden among parents of children with chronic diseases: A cross‐sectional study Jihye Kim, Heemin Chae, Yoonjung Kim Journal of Clinical Nursing.2024; 33(7): 2649. CrossRef
Serial Dual Mediating Effects of Parenting Stress on Life Satisfaction among Parents of School-Aged Children with Chronic Conditions Jeong-Won Han, Boeun Yang, Hanna Lee Healthcare.2024; 12(4): 461. CrossRef
Risk and protective factors for a salutogenic sense of health in adolescents with Moyamoya disease Won‐Oak Oh, Kyu Won Shim, In‐Sun Yeom, Il Tae Park, Yoo Jin Heo, Jihee Han International Journal of Nursing Practice.2023;[Epub] CrossRef
The mediating effects of parenting style on the relationship between parental stress and behavioral problems in girls with precocious puberty in Korea: a cross-sectional study Ahreum Kwon, Young Il Cho, Hyo Jin Kim, Junghwan Suh, Dong Hee Kim BMC Pediatrics.2023;[Epub] CrossRef
A Case Study on Experience of Parents with Children who are Youth Athletes Yu seong Na, Ji Hyun Oh The Korean Journal of Community Living Science.2023; 34(3): 401. CrossRef
Role of Fungal Species in the Etiology of Nasal Polyposis Ozan Özdemir, Aysel Karataş, Tolga Kırgezen, Mert Ahmet Kuşkucu, Enes Yiğit, Özlem Doğan, Özgür Yiğit Istanbul Medical Journal.2023; 24(3): 267. CrossRef
An educational design and development project for pediatric heart transplant recipients and their families Go-Eun Kim, Eun Kyoung Choi, HyeJung Lee, Yu-Mi Im Journal of Pediatric Nursing.2022; 66: e152. CrossRef
A Predictive Model of Resilience in Mothers of Children with Developmental Disabilities Youyoung Cho, Hyeonok Kim Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing.2022; 52(4): 407. CrossRef
Family Management Style and Psychosocial Health of Children with Chronic Conditions YeoJin Im, Dong Hee Kim Journal of Child and Family Studies.2021; 30(2): 483. CrossRef
Parenting Changes of Mothers of a Child with Cancer Min Ah Kim, Jaehee Yi, Aurene Wilford, Soo Hyun Kim Journal of Family Issues.2020; 41(4): 460. CrossRef
Depression and Fear about Maturation in Girls with Precocious Puberty and Depression and Anxiety in Their Mothers 이민주, 박신애, 백성환 JOURNAL OF THE KOREAN SOCIETY OF MATERNAL AND CHIL.2018; 22(3): 162. CrossRef
Mothers’ Experiences of Caring for Visually Impaired Children Sangeun Oh Child Health Nursing Research.2017; 23(2): 219. CrossRef
Factors Influencing the Quality of Life in Mothers of Children with Precocious Puberty Suyoung Lee, Gaeun Kim Child Health Nursing Research.2017; 23(3): 312. CrossRef
PURPOSE This study was conducted to determine the predictors of cultural sensitivity for nursing students in Korea. METHODS The participants in this study were 332 nursing students. Data collection was conducted through the use of questionnaires which were constructed to include a Cultural Sensitivity Scale, Knowledge of Culture, Interpersonal Reaction Index, and Self-efficacy Scale. RESULTS Results showed that cultural sensitivity of nursing students was middle range. Knowledge level of culture was very low. There was a significant positive correlation between cultural sensitivity and knowledge of culture, empathy, and self-efficacy. The significant factors influencing cultural sensitivity of nursing students were empathy, self-efficacy, experience of an overseas trip and awareness of cultural education. These four factors explained 23.8% of the variance in cultural sensitivity of nursing students. CONCLUSION These results indicate that cultural sensitivity is an important link with empathy and self-efficacy in nursing students. For nursing students to enhance cultural sensitivity, a transcultural nursing curriculum needs to develop for appropriate and effective services in cross-cultural situations of the multicultural families in Korea.
Citations
Citations to this article as recorded by
Moral sensitivity in Iranian nurses: insights from a nationwide meta-analysis Reza Ghanei Gheshlagh, Fazel Dehvan, Ladan Sedighi BMC Nursing.2025;[Epub] CrossRef
Cultural Sensitivity and Mindfulness Among Nursing Students: A Descriptive and Correlational Study Funda Aslan, Nilay Ercan Şahin Sağlık Bilimlerinde Değer.2024; 14(3): 435. CrossRef
A multilevel investigation of cultural competence among South Korean clinical nurses Duckhee Chae, Yunhee Park, Kyeonghwa Kang, Jongdae Kim Scandinavian Journal of Caring Sciences.2020; 34(3): 613. CrossRef
Effects of Critical Thinking Disposition and Empathy on Cultural Competency in Dental Hygiene Students Ji-Min Hwang, Ji-Hyoung Han Journal of Dental Hygiene Science.2018; 18(1): 24. CrossRef
Effects of a Cultural Competence Educational Program for Nursing Students Hyang-In Cho Chung, Seok-Young Han, Seung-Hee Seo Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing Administratio.2017; 23(4): 406. CrossRef
Effects on Critical Thinking Disposition and Empathy on Cultural Competency in Nursing Students Eun Ju Song, Ya Ki Yang, Sook Kyoung Park Journal of Korean Academy of Psychiatric and Menta.2016; 25(4): 347. CrossRef
Caring Experiences of the Nurses Caring for Foreign Inpatients of non-English Speaking Hye-Young Jang, Eun Lee Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperati.2016; 17(12): 415. CrossRef
Effects of Multicultural understanding subject on the Empathy and Multicultural Attitude of Nursing Student Hyw-Young Hwang, Yeol-Eo Chyn, Jung Hur Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperati.2015; 16(1): 106. CrossRef
Translation and Evaluation of the Cultural Awareness Scale for Korean Nursing Students Hyunjin Oh, Jung-ah Lee, Karen G Schepp International Journal of Nursing Education Scholar.2015; 12(1): 9. CrossRef
A Study on the Relationship between Cultural Competence and Empathy of Nursing Students
Journal of East-West Nursing Research.2015; 21(1): 52. CrossRef
Factors Influencing Empathy in Nursing Students in Korea Haejin Kim, Myungsun Yi The Journal of Korean Academic Society of Nursing .2015; 21(2): 237. CrossRef
Mediating Effect of School Nurses' Self Efficacy between Multicultural Attitude and Cultural Sensitivity in Korean Elementary Schools Min Hyun Suk, Won Oak Oh, Yeo Jin Im, Hun Ha Cho Asian Nursing Research.2015; 9(3): 194. CrossRef
Subjective View of and Attitude toward Multiculturalism in First-year Undergraduate Nursing Students after Completing a Multicultural Subject Eun-Ho Ha, Jin-Young Cho Journal of Korean Academy of Community Health Nurs.2015; 26(3): 248. CrossRef
University Nursing Students' Empathic Ability and Cultural Competency Mi Kyoung Cho, I Na Shin, Yea JIn Lee, Ji Hyo Lee, Eun Hye Jang, Hye Rin Jeong, Kyung Min Cha Perspectives in Nursing Science.2015; 12(2): 106. CrossRef
Development of a Cultural Competence Scale for Nursing Students Seok-Young Han, Hyang-In Cho Chung Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing.2015; 45(5): 684. CrossRef
The Effect of a Convergence Multi-cultural Nursing Education Program on Cultural Competence and Empathy for Nursing Students Grace Chang-keum Lee, Yeon-Suk Park, Hye-Kyung Lee, Keum-Jae Lee Journal of Digital Convergence.2015; 13(12): 337. CrossRef
A Study on Multicultural Competence of University Students in the Fields of Human Services for the Era of Fusion and Convergence So-Jeong Park, Yang-Ja Bae, Sun-Hee Park, Sun-Ae Kim Journal of Digital Convergence.2015; 13(11): 493. CrossRef
A Study about Cultural Sensitivity and Stereotype about Immigrant Women among Nursing Students Ji Hyun Kim Journal of Digital Convergence.2014; 12(7): 305. CrossRef
The Study on Relationship between Characteristics of Cultural Exchanges, Self-efficacy, and Cultural Competency of Nursing Students Sun-Yi Yang The Journal of the Korea Contents Association.2014; 14(7): 334. CrossRef
Experiences of Nurses Who Provide Childbirth Care for Women with Multi-cultural Background Sun Hee Kim, Kyung Won Kim, Kyung Eui Bae Journal of Korean Public Health Nursing.2014; 28(1): 87. CrossRef
Factors Influencing to the Cultural Competence in Nursing Students Young Sook Seo, Young-Chae Kwon Journal of Digital Convergence.2014; 12(6): 415. CrossRef
A study about cultural sensitivity and stereotype about immigrant women among general hospital nurses in Chungcheong area Mi-Jong Kim, Tea-Im Kim, Yun-Jung Kwon Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperati.2014; 15(3): 1334. CrossRef
A Comparison Study on Multicultural Attitude and Relating Factors of Nursing College Students and Non-Nursing Major Students in Korea Mijong Kim Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperati.2014; 15(4): 2310. CrossRef
A Study on Social Distance of Nursing Students toward Minority Groups in a Metropolitan City Hae Young Kang, Seok Young Han Journal of Korean Public Health Nursing.2013; 27(1): 166. CrossRef
Cultural Awareness of Students in a Nursing Education Program Hyun-Jin Oh, Hyun-Jee Kim The Journal of Korean Academic Society of Nursing .2013; 19(3): 446. CrossRef
The Study on Relationship between Cultural Competency and Empathy of Nursing Students Sun Yi Yang, Hyo Nam Lim, Ju Hee Lee The Journal of Korean Academic Society of Nursing .2013; 19(2): 183. CrossRef
Cultural Competence and Factors Influencing Cultural Competence in Nursing Students Duck Hee Kim, Seong Eun Kim Journal of Korean Academy of Psychiatric and Menta.2013; 22(3): 159. CrossRef
PURPOSE This study was done to better understand how sick children and their families define chronic illness; what behaviors they used for managing chronic illness; and how they perceived the socio-cultural context of Korea. METHODS: This study was a secondary analysis of qualitative studies.
Articles on children with a chronic illness and their families located in electronic databases were selected for review. Twenty one qualitative studies were reviewed.
Qualitative studies that had used an analysis tool, the Family Management Style Framework were reviewed. RESULTS: Children with chronic illness and their families tended to accept illness as a negative outcome and thought that they were deprived of the context of normality. In the traditional Korean family style, parents-in-law demand absolute obedience from their daughter-in-law, leading to a conflict between the two parties, which, in turn, may have negatively affected their perceptions of chronic illness.
Western and oriental medical treatments were used, and participants sought an array of folk remedies. CONCLUSION: Culturally specific findings can help to better understand the difficulties faced by children with a chronic illness and their families and can provide invaluable input into the development of culturally appropriate and sensitive nursing interventions.
Citations
Citations to this article as recorded by
Perceptions of Child Vulnerability, Parental Overprotection, and Parenting Stress among Parents of a Child with Cancer Min Ah Kim, Jaehee Yi, Jina Sang, Soo hyun Kim Sage Open.2024;[Epub] CrossRef
Mothers' experience of having a child with cerebral palsy. A systematic review Meg Smith, Julie Blamires Journal of Pediatric Nursing.2022; 64: 64. CrossRef
The challenges experienced by mothers with children suffering from cerebral palsy: A study conducted at Mutale Municipality, South Africa M. Madzhie, K.E. Mphephu, V. Baloyi, M. Chueng, Daryl O’Connor Cogent Psychology.2022;[Epub] CrossRef
Marital Conflicts as Perceived by Mothers of a Child with Cancer in Korea Jaehee Yi, Min Ah Kim, Kara Ann Byrne, Soo Hyun Kim Journal of Social Service Research.2021; 47(6): 763. CrossRef
Effective Factors on Caring Role of Parents of Children with Cerebral Palsy Nasrin Alaee, Frahnaz Mohammadi-Shahboulaghi, Hamidreza Khankeh, Sima Mohammadkhan Kermanshahi Avicenna Journal of Nursing and Midwifery Care.2019; 27(1): 55. CrossRef
Mothers’ Experiences of Caring for Visually Impaired Children Sangeun Oh Child Health Nursing Research.2017; 23(2): 219. CrossRef
Factors Affecting Maternal Coping in Korean Mothers of Children with Cancer Shanzida Khatun, Hee Soon Kim, Hyun-Bong Park Open Journal of Nursing.2016; 06(09): 751. CrossRef
Psychosocial Challenges for Parents of Children with Cerebral Palsy: A Qualitative Study Nasrin Alaee, Farahnaz Mohammadi Shahboulaghi, Hamidreza Khankeh, Sima Mohammad Khan Kermanshahi Journal of Child and Family Studies.2015; 24(7): 2147. CrossRef
Quality of Life in Children and Adolescents with Cancer Jung-Won Lee, Ji-Eun Han, Ho-Ran Park Child Health Nursing Research.2013; 19(1): 21. CrossRef
PURPOSE This study was a cross-sectional descriptive survey to identify school nurses' knowledge, educational needs and providing education about Internet addiction. METHOD A total of 198 school nurses working in schools located in Gyunggi Province and the cities of Ulsan, Daegu, and Pohang participated in the study. A self-report scale was used to collect data. It included 53 items measuring school nurses' knowledge, their educational needs and performing related to Internet addiction. RESULTS The mean score for knowledge of Internet addiction was 13.12 (SD=3.13), indicating a moderate level of knowledge. The highest frequency, 24.7% of the school nurses agreed that the computer teacher is the appropriate person to do educate on Internet addiction, followed by the school nurse with another teacher (24.2%). Only 40.4% of the nurses had any experience in providing students with education about Internet addiction. The main reason for not providing education about Internet addiction was that there was no time (57.6%). Education was reported most frequently as being provided by the class teacher (36.3%), followed by school nurse (31.3%). CONCLUSIONS It is important to expand the role of school nurses in preventing and responding to Internet addiction and to develop training programs designed to further develop their abilities in teaching and counseling.
PURPOSE The purpose of this study was to explore the parenting image of modern Korean society through modern novels published during in the stage of modern change in Korea. METHOD The data were analyzed through latent content analysis. Modern Korean novels (N=138) written during the Korean modernization stage were chosen for analysis. Five categories and seventeen meaningful sub-categories were drawn out from 636 significant sentences. RESULTS The parenting images expressed in modern Korean society were as follows: From the category of [Devotional love], 5 sub-categories were drawn: Hedgehog's love, Lavish love, Sacrificial care, Exertion of the mind, and Prayer for the future of their children. From the category of [Stern father and affectionate mother], 3 sub-categories were drawn: Stern and Strict father, Tender and loving mother, and Strong maternal love. From the category of [Enthusiasm for their children's education], 3 sub-categories were drawn: Sense of duty to provide good education for their children, Zeal for their children's education, and Satisfaction with their hard-working children. From the category of [The head of family], 3 sub-categories were drawn: Person who has the right to make decisions, Reliable protector, and Object of filial devotion. From the category of [sexual discrimination], 3 sub-categories were drawn: Preference and favoritism to sons, Attaching importance to education of sons, Regarding daughters as those who help support the family. CONCLUSIONS The results of this study will help to improve the basic understanding the parenting image and parent-child relationship in present day Korea.
PURPOSE The measure the degree of computer game addiction; to examine the relationship between computer game addiction and contributing factors; and to discover the predictors of computer game addiction of elementary school children of Korea. METHOD Data were assembled from questionnaires distributed among 455 children from four elementary schools in Gyung-buk Province. RESULTS The level of computer game addiction of subjects was rather low, and correlated significantly with gender, academic performance, family economic status, playmates for leisure time, place of playing computer game, length of the habit of playing game, average playing time of game per day, frequency of PC-room(Internet Cafe for game) visits per week, game partners and reasons for playing game. Multiple regression analysis showed that 45% of the computer game addiction was significantly related to gender(21%), impulsiveness(10%), average playing time of game per day(9%), depression(2%) and other variables(3%) such as playmates for leisure time, academic performance and frequency of PC-room visits per week. CONCLUSION We suggest these results be used to develop a computer game addiction prevention program.
PURPOSE Internet addiction is a newly recognized problem in the adolescents. The purpose of this study was to identify and analyze the educational needs for Internet addiction in middle school students of Korea. METHOD The subjects of this study were 450 middle school students. The data were collected from open and structured questionnaire about the educational needs for Internet addiction. RESULT As a result of content analysis of educational needs for Internet addiction, 9 domains and 19 themes were categorized from 542 statements. 9 Domains are : Definition, Etiology, Status, Process, Diagnosis, Influence, Coping and Prevention of Internet Addiction and General Information of Internet Use. These results were revealed that middle school students had comprehensive education needs for Internet Addiction. Also, there were the difference of need contents and frequency between school boy and girl students. Most of students had high educational needs for Internet addiction based on school health care program. CONCLUSION It would be necessary to develop on Internet addiction prevention program for adolescents concerning these findings. In the future, there should be study to identify the psychological characteristics of adolescent associated with Internet addiction.
The purpose of this study was to explore the parents and child relationship in traditional Korean society through the Korean classic novels. The Data were analyzed through latent content analysis in focusing on the parents and child relationship. Forty-six Korean classic novels written in Chosun Dynasty (from 1392 to 1910 AD) were chosen to analyze and they were represented the characteristic Confucian ideas. The sentences containing the expression of child-care and parent-child relationship were selected during intensive reading line by line and analyzed. Sixty-nine meaningful concepts were drawn out from 258 significant sentences by the similar meaning and common theme and classified as 3 categories and 11 sub-categories. The important parent-child relationship expressed in Korean traditional society were as follows: From the category of the Meaning of Child, 4 sub-categories were drawn; gift of heaven, successor of the family line, driving power of life, and rewards from the offspring. From the category of attitude to the child, 3 sub- categories were drawn; a notion of preferring a son to a daughter, close maternal-child relation, and expectation to the future of child. From the category of nurturing behavior, 4 subjects were drawn; Tae-Gyo(fetal education), affective behavior, socialization, and health management behavior. Above result helps to improve the basic understanding the relationship of parent and child in modern society. And by the understanding of child in the family, unhealthy relationship of parent and child can be prevented and furthermore family centered child health promotion can be achieved.
The purpose of this study was to identify therapeutic play need and the degree of the nurses's therapeutic play performances perceived by hospitalized children's mothers, and then to compare the difference between the degree of the need and perceived performances. The subjects of this study consist of 121 hospitalized children's mothers. A questionaire for this study was 29 item likert type 4 point scale developed on the basis of literature review, hospitalized children's mother interview and researcher's clinical experiences. Data was analyzed by Paired t-test, t-test, ANOVA & Duncan's comparison. Results of this study are summarized as follows : 1. The degree of the therapeutic play need was measured to be high (3.20). The degree of perceived therapeutic play need by five components were followed as : physiologic suffering relief & enhancing play (3.39), growth & development facilitating play (3.26), instructional play (3.24), emotional well-being promoting play (3.18) and providing play tool & environment(2.97). 2.The degree of the nurse's therapeutic play performances perceived by mothers was measured to be low (1.60). The degree of perceived performances of the therapeutic play by the five components were followed as : physiologic suffering relief & enhancing play (1.87), instructional play (1.74), emotional well-being promoting play (1.64), providing play tool & environment (1.44) and growth & development facilitating play (1.42). 3. The difference between the degree of the therapeutic play need and nurese's perfor mances perceived by hospitalized children's mothers were significant statistically (t= 38.54, p=.0001). Also, five components of therapeutic play were significant statistically (p=.0001). Therapeutic play has unique benefits among health care intervention for children.
These findings will help in building of the theoretical framework of therapeutic play and enhancing the quality of nursing care for hospitalized children. Therapeutic play program for hospitalized children according to child growth & development and physiologic status are recommended to be developed.
The purpose of this study was to identify nursing interventions performed by pediatric care unit nurses. For data collection this study used the taxonomy of Nursing Intervention Classification (NIC : 486 nursing intervention) which was modified by McCloskey & Bulecheck(2000). The 419 nursing interventions were selected by panel group, which consist of pediatric clinical experts and nursing scholars.
The data were collected 104 nurses of pediatric care unit.
There were 158 nursing interventions identified as being used at least monthly 50% or more of the nurses. The 32 nursing interventions were used at least daily, indication a set of core interventions unique to pediatric care unit practice. The most frequently used nursing interventions were 'Medication administration: intravenous' & 'Medication administration: oral'. The 27 nursing interventions were rarely performed by 90% or more of the nurses. The rarely used interventions were 'Ostomy care' & 'Rectal prolaps management'. The domain received the highest mean score was Health System, followed by Physiolocal: complex, Physiolocal: Basic, Safty, Community, Family, Behavior domain. These findings will help in building of a standardized language for the pediatric care units and enhance the quality of nursing care.
The purpose of this study was to identify nursing interventions performed by neonatal nursing unit nurses. For data collection this study used the taxonomy of Nursing Intervention Classification(NIC : 486 nursing intervention) which was modified by McCloskey & Bulecheck(2000). The new 58 nursing interventions was translated into Korean, and then modified by pannel group, which consist of clinical experts and nursing scholars and finally the 419 nursing interventions was selected. The data were collected from 112 nurses. 168 nursing interventions were performed at least monthly by 50% or more of the nurses. The high frequency of performed nursing interventions were Family domain. 37 nursing interventions were performed at least once a day.
The nursing interventions receiving the highest item mean score were neonatal care, neonatal monitoring, phototherapy; neonate, bottle feeding and temperature regulation. 56 nursing interventions were rarely performed by 90% or more of the nurses. Most of them were in the behavioral domain.
The rarely used interventions were urinary bladder training, art therapy, religious addiction prevention, religious ritual enhancement and bladder irrigation. Therefore, neonatal nursing units nurses used interventions in the Physiological: basic domain most often on a daily basis and the interventions in the behavioral domain least often.
These findings will help in building of a standardized language for the neonatal nursing units and enhance the quality of nursing care. Further study will be needed to classify each intervention class and nursing activity and validate NIC in pediatric care unit.
Asthma is one of the most common chronic disease of childhood. Although an improved understanding of the pathophysiology of asthma has had a positive impact on the treatment and management of the disease, there has been a gradual but significant increase in asthma mortality. Also, mother's caring type is the essential factor in management of the child with asthma. The purpose of this study is to identify and understand the caring patterns of mathers of children with Athma by Q methodology.
As a research method, 35 Q-statements were collected through individual interviews and review of related literatures. 37 subjects were interviewed and the data were analyzed by the PC QUANL program with principal component analysis. The were 3 different caring types classified as follows : Type I was the therapeutic compliance obeying type, compliancing medication and preventing cold etc. Type II was the physical strengthening type, taking Chinese medicine and folk remedy etc. Type III was the environment control type, managing house and environment clearly and ventilating room air etc.
Therefore, it needs considering above each type in nursing care of the family and children with asthma.
This study was performed to understand pediatric pain management status and nurses' knowledge and attitudes toward it. In addition, it aimed to provide basic data in order to establish effective nursing intervention strategies by confirming the barriers of effective pain management in practice. The subjects were 195 nurses working in pediatric units(general pediatric unit, oncology unit, neonatal unit, neonatal ICU, pediatric ICU) of 8 university hospitals and one general hospital. Data was collected by the questionnaire from the 3rd of August to the 20th of September in 1999. The instrument developed by Sanna(1999) to measure nurses' knowledge and their attitudes and the other tool by Cleeland(1984) to evaluate barriers in effective pain management was used. Results of this study are summarized as follows : 1. Most nurses learn about the pain management knowledges from through regular curriculum of nursing school(62.0%). And almost nurses(90.8%) don't used to utilize pain assessment tool, but the "Faces Rating Scale" is the most frequently used by nurses. 2. The use of pain medication(65.6%) is most frequently taken by nurses as pain management and is followed by massage (55.9%), distraction(27.7%). 3. Nurses' knowledge level is moderate (Mn=3.07). Nurses don't seem to understand pediatric physical development (Mn= 2.86), psychological development(Mn=2.94) well, meanwhile they seem relatively quite knowledgeable about the way pain emerges. 4. Nurses' attitudes toward pain is based on behavioral and physiological responses to pain. They believe 'changes in behavior are a way of assessing pain in child' and 'acute pain increases the number of respiration'. Nurses are ready to accept pediatric pain, but are not positive in adopting pain intervention in practice. 5. The barriers of effective pain management are inadequate assessment of pain and pain relief(81.5%), ineffective incorporation among health professionals(80%), and lack of equipment or skills(80.0%).
The purposes of this study were to measure the degree of perceived uncertainty, social support & powerlessness, to examine the relationship between the perceived uncertainty, social support & powerlessness and then to find the predictors of powerlessness in mother's of handicapped children. The subjects of this study consist of 102 mothers of handicapped children, registered at rehabilitation & handicapped children school. Data was collected from September 1998 to March 1999. The tools used in this study were Mishel's the Parents' Perception of Uncertainty Scale (28 item, 4 likert scale), Miller's Powerlessness measurement Scale(28 item, 4 likert scale) & Cohen's Interpersonal Support Evaluation List(40 items, 4 liken scale). Data was analyzed by t-test, ANOVA, Duncan comparison, Pearson Correlation coefficient & Stepwise multiple regression Results of this study are summarized as follows : 1. Mothers perceived their uncertainty to be slightly high(Mn 2.50). The degree of perceived uncertainty by the four components were followed as lack of clarity(2.69), unpredictability(2.56), ambiguity(2.56) & lack of information(2.46). The degree of perceived uncertainty of the mothers of handicapped children revealed to be influenced significantly by age of children, admission experience, disability types of children. 2. The degree of mothers' powerlessness was measured to be slightly high(Mn 2.14). The degree of perceived powerlessness of the mothers with handcapped children revealed to be influenced significantly by age of children, duration of illness admission experience, & marital status of the mothers. 3.
Mothers perceived their social support to be slightly high(Mn 2.71). The degree of perceived social support revealed to be influenced significantly by sex of children, married state of mothers. 4. Mothers' uncertainty was related positively to the mothers' powerlessness(r=.33, p=.0008). And also mothers' powerlessness was related inversely to social support(r=-.50, p=.0001). But, mothers' uncertainty was not related to social support significantly.
5. To analyze the variables which affect powerlessness, stepwise regression was implemented. As a result, about 61% of the powerlessness were explained by social support, marital status of the mothers and perceived uncertainty.
Based upon these results, it is recommended that the nurses, who are caring handicapped children and their families, provide various support programs for them to overcome their difficulties. Also programs which decrease the uncertainty & powerlessness used social support multidimensionally & individually are recommended to be developed.
Improvements in therapy have resulted in increasing numbers of children being successfully treated for cancer. However the aggressiveness of therapy & uncertainty about prognosis are associated with many adverse effects, psychological as well as physical for both the child & family.
The purpose of this study were to measure the degree of perceived uncertainty, self-efficacy & coping, and then to examine the relationship between the perceived uncertainty, self-efficacy & coping in parents of children cancer patients.
The subjects of this study consist of 140 parents with pediatric cancer, registered at pediatric cancer ward & Out Patient Department. Data was collected from July 1st to August 15th 1998.
The tools used in this study were Mishel's the Parents' Perception of Uncertainty Scale(28item, 4 likert scale), Shere's Self-Efficacy Scale)17item, 5 likert scale) & Folkman & Lazarus Ways of Coping Checklist)34 items, 4 likert scale). Data was analyzed by t-test, Anova, Pearson Correlation co-efficient. Results of this study are summarized as follows : 1. Parents perceived their uncertainty to be slightly high(Mn 2.41). The degree of perceived uncertainty by the four components were followed as : lack of clarity(2.60), unpredictability(2.59), ambiguity(2.51) & lack of information(1.90). The degree of perceived uncertainty of parents with pediatric cancer revealed to be influenced significantly by the family outcome, reliability about health care provider & perceived severity of illness.
2. The range of parents' self-efficacy was measured from 35 to 85 point, so revealed slightly high. The degree of self-efficacy related to be influenced significantly by the sequency of child birth, family religion & degree of perceived support.
3. The degree of parents' coping was measured slightly high(Mn 2.78). The degree of coping related to be influenced significantly by the sequency of child birth, number of sible & degree of perceived support.
4. parents' uncertainty was related inversely to the parents' self-efficacy(r=-.38, p<.001) & coping(r=-.26, p<.001). And also parents' self-efficacy was positively related to coping(r=.56, p<.001).
From the above results, it can be concluded that predicting & controlling parents' uncertainty with children cancer are necessary to improve positive coping strategies. This information may be used as a foundation for developing nursing interventions to decrease perceived uncertainty & to foster self-efficacy & coping for parents with children cancer.
PURPOSE This study was conducted to identify the level of quality of family life, parental locus of control, and parental sense of competence, and to elucidate factors that influence family quality of life in the mothers of children with Attention Deficit/Hyperactive Disorder (ADHD). METHOD A convenient sample of mothers from 6 child psychiatric clinics was used in this cross-sectional survey design. Questionnaires used for data collection included the following scales: Family Quality of Life, Parental Locus of Control-Short Form Revised, Parental Sense of Competence. RESULTS The level of family quality of life was mid-range.
A positive relationship was found between Family Quality of Life and the research variables. The significant predictors of family quality of life were parental locus of control, parental sense of competence, and duration of medication and these variables accounted for 21.8% of the variance in family quality of life. CONCLUSIONS These results indicate that family quality of life is an important factor which health care provider should assess and evaluate for children with ADHD and their families. The results of this study suggest that family quality of life is an important link with parental sense of competence and parental locus of control.
Eun Sook Park, Chai Soon Ahn, Eun Kyung Kim, Kyung Suk Sung, Jung Wan Won, Won Oak Oh, Young Mi Yoon, Min Hyun Suk, Yeo Jin Im, Hun Ha Cho, Hye Sang Im
J Korean Acad Child Health Nurs 2008;14(3):221-231.
PURPOSE The purpose of this study was to examine the toilet training status (TTS) of Korean toddlers and their mothers' level of knowledge of toilet training (TT) and to identify the relationship between toddlers' TTS and mothers' level of knowledge of TT. METHOD The participants in this study were 315 12-29 month old infants and their mothers recruited from outpatient clinics of hospitals and day care centers. T-test, ANOVA and Pearson correlation coefficients were used to analyze the data. RESULTS TTS of Korean toddlers showed was more advanced compared with previous research samples except for independent hand washing after toileting and this improved with age. The mothers showed higher understanding of the importance of a positive experience and a different pace for each child in the appropriate period for toilet training but less appreciation of the readiness of child to initiate TT.
There was a significant correlation between TTS and mothers' level of knowledge of TT. CONCLUSION Using the above findings, health professionals who work with children and their families need to develop parent education programs on TT that will promote toddlers' physical and socio-emotional development.
PURPOSE The purpose of this study was to examine the effects of EP-IGAP(Internet Game Addiction Prevention Educational Program) on increasing the self-control and decreasing the time spent on internet games. METHOD The research design was a quasi-experiment, repeated measures design with non-equivalent control group.
Participants in this study were 269 elementary school students of elementary school(134 for the experimental group, 135 for the control group). The instruments used in this study were the Self-control of Internet Game Scale and Time spent on internet games per week. The experimental group participated in the EP-IGAP for 6 weeks. RESULTS After the intervention, the experimental group showed a significant increase in self-control related to internet games. But, there was no statistical difference in the time spent on internet games between the two groups. CONCLUSION These results suggest that EP-IGAP is effective in increasing the self-control related to internet games in elementary school students. Further research is needed to modify the EP-IGAP.
PURPOSE This study was conducted to identify the degree of Internet addiction and factors influencing this addiction among high school students in Korea. METHOD A total of 405 high school students in the Gyeoung-gi, Daegu and Gyeoung-buk areas were surveyed using questionnaires for data collection. RESULTS Internet addiction among high school students in Korea was relatively low. In the overall ratio distribution, however, the students who were classified as either addicted or at risk of addiction accounted for a high percentage of the students, 31.1%. Positive or negative relationships were found between internet addiction and the research variables but multiple regression analysis revealed that the most powerful predictor of Internet addiction was depression. CONCLUSION Using the above results, it is necessary to develop Internet addiction prevention programs for adolescents. There should be a more comprehensive study in the future for an in-depth understanding of internet addiction of adolescents.
Purpose The purpose of this study was to explore health behavior and perception of therapeutic restrictions in chronically ill children and their parents in Korea. Method: Nine children with chronic disease and of six of their parents were interviewed using semi-structured a questionnaire. The data were analyzed using explorative content analysis. Results: Health behaviors related to therapeutic restrictions was classified into four domains, and the perceptions of therapeutic restrictions into two domains. The domains regarding compliance in health behavior with therapeutic restrictions included control-centered restrictions (maintaining food limitations, avoiding harmful environments, restriction on physical activity, restriction on social activity, restriction on learning activity), and everyday pursuit of balance(preference for healthy diet, maintaining a regular life style, maintaining a standard body weight, pursuing psychological well-being, family participation). Domains regarding perception of therapeutic restrictions included obstacles to growth and development (bridled life, opportunity deprivation, prevented from playing proper role), origin of conflict (tenacity, conflict, stressor, cover-up), task for normal life (doing proper duty), and everyday affairs (becoming ordinary, familiarity). Conclusion: This study will help to enhance understanding the behavior and perception of therapeutic restrictions by chronically ill children and their families and to establish educational programs and counseling for these children and their families.
First
Prev
