Purpose This study aimed to identify distinct subjective viewpoints regarding the perceived effects of energy drink consumption among South Korean male high school students.
Methods Using Q methodology, a concourse of statements was developed through interviews and literature reviews, and refined into 35 Q samples. Forty male high school students were recruited via snowball sampling to reflect diverse consumption patterns and attitudes. Participants sorted the Q samples using a forced distribution procedure. Data were analyzed using the PC-QUANL program.
Results Four distinct groups of male adolescents were identified based on their perceived effects of energy drink consumption: (1) effect-oriented experience sharers, (2) ambivalent recognizers of experience, (3) alternative-seeking evaluators, and (4) emotionally reactive responders. These groups’ perceptions were shaped by peer influence, personal consumption experiences, and levels of self-regulation.
Conclusion By typifying the subjective perceptions of Korean male high school students regarding energy drink consumption, this study provides a foundational understanding of how adolescents interpret and respond to such health behaviors. These insights can guide the development of tailored health education programs that address the unique needs and attitudes of each group.
Purpose This study aimed to investigate the perceptions of precocious puberty and elucidate the distinct characteristics of each type of perception related to precocious puberty among school-aged children who had undergone treatment for the condition.
Methods This study applied the Q methodology to identify and classify the perceptions of precocious puberty among school-aged children who had undergone treatment for the condition. The analysis involved 34 questions from the Q sample and data from 35 individuals in the P sample, using the PC-QUANL Program for analysis.
Results The perceptions of precocious puberty among school-aged children who had undergone precocious puberty treatment were classified into the following four types: "shyness - passive self-management," "resentment - suppression," "anxiety - fear," and "adaptation - acceptance."
Conclusion This study investigated the experiences and perceptions of children who have undergone treatment for precocious puberty. Through the identification of four types of perceptions, we can see that there is a need to develop an intervention program for nursing that is tailored to the specific type of precocious puberty.
PURPOSE The purpose of this study was to provide basic data for nursing interventions to assist primary caregivers of young children by determining the degree stress and fatigue that caregivers were under due to parenting young children. METHODS Participants were primary caregivers (181 mothers and 160 grandmothers) of young children. RESULTS 1) Mean score for degree of parenting stress was 2.61 (+/-.69) and for fatigue, 1.97 (+/-.54). 2) There was a significant difference in degree of parenting stress according to primary caregivers' age, employment status, income, whether the children were wanted babies, health status of the children and caregivers, personality of the children, and benefits from, and satisfaction with costs of childcare. Likewise, there was a significant difference in degree of fatigue according to relationship of primary caregivers to the children, primary caregivers' age, religion, income, whether the children were wanted babies, health status of the children and caregivers, personality of the children, and benefits from, and satisfaction with costs of childcare. 3) Stress and fatigue perceived by the primary caregivers were significantly correlated (r=.554 p<.001). CONCLUSION To alleviate more effectively primary caregivers' parenting stress and fatigue, early nursing intervention and educational programs need to be developed.
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PURPOSE The purpose of this study was to describe the components and content of nursing intervention studies on mother-infant interactions and to present strategies for future studies. METHODS Four electronic databases in the Korean language were searched to identify studies done between January 1998 and December 2011. The search yielded 145 articles. From these articles, 19 studies met the inclusion criteria. RESULTS Mother-infant interactions in these studies were found to include verbal and non-verbal communication basic for optimal growth and development of the child. Six kinds of interventions for mother-infant interactions were identified as follows: sensory stimulation, education program, whole body massage, kangaroo care, visiting support, and music therapy. CONCLUSION Further studies with well designed clinical trials need to be done in the area of child nursing to provide evidence based data for the development of strategies to promote positive mother-infant interactions.
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PURPOSE The purpose of this study was to examine the parenting of mothers with infants and preschoolers in an effort to determine types of parenting. METHODS The 32 participating mothers were interviewed and from the content of the interviews, their parenting was analyzed. Statements were categorized and analyzed according to the selected procedure. RESULTS The parenting of mothers was classified into positive reinforcement and negative reinforcement, including 55 significant statements and 14 categories. Positive reinforcement was categorized as frequent skin contact, giving pleasure, spending a lot of time with children, improving children's self-esteem, being sensitive to children's needs, realistic discipline, developing independence, listening to children, and understanding and respecting children's feelings. Negative reinforcement was categorized as overprotection, inconsistent attitude, negligence, negative educational behavior, and emphasis on obedience. CONCLUSION These results suggest that systematic education should be provided for mothers to increase their ability to provide good parenting. It is expected that the findings of this study would be useful in the development of efficient educational programs.
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