Purpose
This study explored the validity of a new type of thermometer and parent satisfaction with the new device. This 24-hour continuous monitoring smart wearable wireless thermometer (TempTraq^®) uses a very small semiconductor sensor with a thin patch-like shape.
Methods
We obtained 397 sets of TempTraq^® axillary temperatures and tympanic temperatures from 44 pediatric patients. Agreement between the axillary and tympanic measurements, as well as the validity of the TempTraq^® axillary temperatures, were evaluated. Satisfaction surveys were completed by 41 caregivers after the measurements.
Results
The TempTraq^® axillary temperatures demonstrated a strong positive correlation with the tympanic temperatures. The Bland-Altman plot and analysis of TempTraq^® axillary temperatures and tympanic temperatures showed that the mean difference was +0.45 ℃, the 95% limits of agreement were -0.57 to +1.46 ℃. Based on a tympanic temperature of 38 ℃, the results of validity of fever detection were sensitivity 0.85 and specificity 0.86. Satisfaction scores for TempTraq^® temperature measurement were all > 4 points (satisfactory).
Conclusion
TempTraq^® smart axillary temperature measurement is an appropriate method for measuring children's temperatures since it was highly correlated to tympanic temperatures, had a reliable level of sensitivity and specificity, and could be used safely and conveniently.

Citations

• Diagnostic Accuracy of Three Methods of Body Temperature Measurement in Children: A Latent Class Approach
  Kunnumpurath G Swapna, Biju George, Rajamohanan K Pillai, Jisharaj V Rajasekharan Nair
  Cureus.2025;[Epub]     CrossRef
• Technology-Enabled Assessments Support Remote Care of Oncology Patients and Improve the Care Team Experience
  April Boyd, Ruth Phillips
  Oncology Issues.2024; 39(5): 35.     CrossRef
• Wearable biosensors for pediatric hospitals: a scoping review
  Areum Hyun, Mari Takashima, Stephanie Hall, Leonard Lee, Mitchell Dufficy, Halley Ruppel, Amanda Ullman
  Pediatric Research.2024;[Epub]     CrossRef
• Occupant-centered indoor environmental quality management: Physiological response measuring methods
  Minjin Kong, Jongbaek An, Dahyun Jung, Taehoon Hong
  Building and Environment.2023; 243: 110661.     CrossRef
• Efficient assessment of real-world dynamics of circadian rhythms in heart rate and body temperature from wearable data
  Dae Wook Kim, Caleb Mayer, Minki P. Lee, Sung Won Choi, Muneesh Tewari, Daniel B. Forger
  Journal of The Royal Society Interface.2023;[Epub]     CrossRef

Purpose
The aim of this study was to develop a self-control competency scale for school-aged children and to confirm its reliability and validity.
Methods
This study involved methodological research to verify the reliability and validity of a self-control competency scale for school-aged children. Data were collected from 438 students in the fifth and sixth grades of elementary school.
Results
The self-control competency scale was composed of 13 items and six subscales (control of relationship with one's teacher, problem-solving, peer empathy, control of relationships with one's peers, impulse control, and emotional control). The internal consistency reliability of the scale was evaluated using Cronbach's ⍺, which was .83 for the entire scale and ranged from .65 to .76 for the subscales. The model of six subscales was validated by CFA (CMIN/df=1.977; p<.001, GFI=.94, SRMR=.050, RMSEA=.065, IFI=.95, TLI=.93, CFI=.95). Concurrent validity was evaluated by comparing this scale to the scale developed by Nam and Ok (2000), and a significant correlation was found (r=.82, p<.001). On this scale, higher scores indicate higher levels of self-control among late-school-aged children.
Conclusion
This scale can be used as a valid and reliable instrument for examining self-control competency among late-school-aged children.

Purpose
The purpose of this study was to construct a structural model that explains the factors affecting aggression among elementary school students and to verify their suitability.
Methods
The study period was from June to August 2018. The study subjects were fifth- and sixth- graders at an elementary school. In total, 291 surveys were collected, of which 259 were analyzed. Data were analyzed using SPSS version 24.0 and AMOS version 24.0.
Results
The fit of the final model was acceptable (x²=160.08 [p<.001], GFI=.921, AGFI=.869, CFI=.919, SRMR=.057, and RMSEA=.086). Thus, eight of the 10 hypotheses were shown to be statistically significant.
Conclusion
The results of this study indicate that positive and open parenting behaviors and training children to engage in self-control are needed to reduce their aggression. In addition, considerable attention and education are required in the home, school, and society so that children can learn to properly recognize and express their emotions and establish suitable beliefs regarding aggressive behavior.

Purpose
The purpose of this study was to obtain research-based evidence on the relationships among general characteristics, family strength, self-control, and happiness among late school-aged children using a correlational research design.
Methods
The participants were 172 fifth- and sixth-grade students from two public elementary schools. Data were collected by employing structured questionnaires, including the Korean Family Strengths Scale for Strengthening Family II, a self-control scale, and a happiness scale. Data analysis was conducted using SPSS version 23.0.
Results
The level of happiness of late school-aged students showed significant correlations with family strength (r=.78, p<.001), and self-control (r=.59, p<.001). Family strength had a significant positive correlation with self-control (r=.55, p<.001). The factors with a significant impact on participants’ happiness were family strength (β=.63, p<.001), self-control (β=.21, p<.001), exercise frequency, and self-perceived health. The total explanatory power of the model was 69%, and the explanatory power of family strength for the level of happiness was 61%, showing that the family strength was the most important factor that promoted happiness in late school-aged students.
Conclusion
These findings imply that improving family strength is an important aspect of promoting happiness among late school-aged children. Interventions to strengthen late school-aged children’s self-control are also necessary.

Citations

• The Concept of Happiness in Children, Adolescents and the Factors that Influence it: a Systematic Literature Review
  Magdalini Vampa, Mitjana Profiri, Elona Kodhel, Dashamir Bërculli, Kaltrina Kelmendi, Natyra Agani-Destani
  Journal of Lifestyle and SDGs Review.2025; 5(3): e05405.     CrossRef
• Peer bonds and nature’s embrace: exploring the influence of pet caregiving on social well-being and nature connection among Taiwanese children
  Tzuhui Angie Tseng, Hsiao-Yen Fang, Ching-Cheng Shen, Yun-Chen Chang
  Frontiers in Public Health.2024;[Epub]     CrossRef
• Predictors of Adolescents’ Subjective Happiness Based on Roy’s Adaptation Model: A Longitudinal Study
  Jeong-Eun Yang, SeolHwa Moon
  The Open Public Health Journal.2024;[Epub]     CrossRef
• Investigation of aggression and happiness level in parents of 8-11 years old children playing sports
  Mehmet Metín, Servet Özoruç
  Sportis. Scientific Journal of School Sport, Physi.2024; 11(1): 1.     CrossRef
• Effects of Health Intentions and Health-promoting Behavior on Selfesteem among School-aged Children in South Korea
  Jin Kim, Ga Eul Jeon, Nam Hyun Cha
  Current Pediatric Reviews.2023; 19(3): 304.     CrossRef

Purpose
This study presents methodological research that aimed to verify the content validity, construct validity, reliability, and criterion-related validity of the Child Abuse Potential Inventory (CAPI), originally developed by Milner and then translated into Korean by Ahn.
Methods
Data used in this study were collected from 209 mothers of infants, toddlers, and children of preschool age in D metropolitan city. The collected data were analyzed using SPSS version 24.
Results
The Korean version of the Child Abuse Potential Inventory (K-CAPI) was developed by condensing 44 of the original 77 CAPI items. Four factors of K-CAPI were extracted using principal component analysis. These 4 factors-distress; problems with child, self, family, and others; unhappiness; rigidity-accounted for 54.01% of variance. The Cronbach's ⍺ was .96, the Guttman split-half coefficient was .88, and test-retest reliability was r=.86 (p<.001).
Conclusion
The results of this study established the reliability and validity of the K-CAPI and found it to be an appropriate tool to evaluate mothers’ potential to abuse their children.

Citations

• The effects of child abuse prevention education on parents’ response to positive emotion, parenting stress, and child abuse potential: A randomized controlled pretest posttest design
  Mi Hyun Kim, Bu Kyung Park
  The Journal of Korean Academic Society of Nursing .2024; 30(1): 19.     CrossRef
• Is the Brief Version of the Child Abuse Potential Inventory a Valid and Reliable Measure for Childcare Providers?
  Ji Young Lee, Jihyun Sung
  Early Education and Development.2022; 33(2): 350.     CrossRef

Purpose
The purpose of this study was to examine the effects of an infant cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) training program that applied the 5-step method on the knowledge, attitudes, and performance ability of nursing students in terms of enhancement and sustainability.
Methods
Sixty-one nursing students (28 in the experimental group and 33 in the control group) from D city participated in this study. Data were collected from April 25 to December 15, 2016. The experimental group and control group received infant CPR education using the 5-step method and the traditional method, respectively. The outcome variables were measured 3 times (pretest and posttest at 1 week and 6 months after training)
Results
There were significant differences in attitude (t=2.68, p=.009) and performance ability (t=4.56, p<.001) between the groups at 1 week after training, as well as in sustained performance ability at 6 months after training (F=6.76, p=.012).
Conclusion
The 5-step method of infant CPR training was effective for improving performance ability in a sustained manner and promoting a positive attitude. Therefore, it is recommended that nursing students, as infant CPR novices, receive training using this effective method.

Citations

• Estudio comparativo entre simulación de alta fidelidad y simulación de mediana fidelidad en la toma de decisiones de estudiantes de enfermería: estudio experimental
  Hugo Miguel Santos Duarte, Joana Antunes Castanheira, Ana Sofia Ferreira Pereira, Ângela Pragosa, Edna Tatiana Prazeres Santos, Maria dos Anjos Dixe
  Revista Latino-Americana de Enfermagem.2024;[Epub]     CrossRef
• Comparative study between high-fidelity simulation and medium-fidelity simulation in decision-making of nursing students: experimental study
  Hugo Miguel Santos Duarte, Joana Antunes Castanheira, Ana Sofia Ferreira Pereira, Ângela Pragosa, Edna Tatiana Prazeres Santos, Maria dos Anjos Dixe
  Revista Latino-Americana de Enfermagem.2024;[Epub]     CrossRef
• Estudo comparativo entre simulação de alta-fidelidade e simulação de média-fidelidade na tomada de decisão de estudantes de enfermagem: estudo experimental
  Hugo Miguel Santos Duarte, Joana Antunes Castanheira, Ana Sofia Ferreira Pereira, Ângela Pragosa, Edna Tatiana Prazeres Santos, Maria dos Anjos Dixe
  Revista Latino-Americana de Enfermagem.2024;[Epub]     CrossRef
• Efficacy of pedagogical framework in neonatal resuscitation skill learning in a resource-limited setting: a randomized controlled trial
  Mishal Liaqat, Muhammad Hussain, Muhammad Afzal, Maryam Altaf, Sadia Khan, Syed Amir Gilani, Iram Liaqat
  BMC Medical Education.2021;[Epub]     CrossRef

Purpose
This study was conducted to develop a scale for measuring aggression in adolescents, based on Ajzen's Theory of Planned Behavior (TPB).
Methods
The participants were 38 adolescents in an in-depth study conducted to develop items for indirect measurement, 13 adolescents in a pre-test, and 289 adolescents in the present survey. The collected data were analyzed using content validity, the correlation coefficient, exploratory factor analysis, confirmatory factor analysis, reliability, and the Cronbach's ⍺.
Results
In this study, the most important variable related to aggression was found to be aggression intention. This study included 4 factors of direct measurement and 6 factors of indirect measurement; therefore, 41 questions were developed. Increased levels of aggression were associated with higher scores for attitudes of aggression, subjective norms, perceived behavioral control, and aggression intention.
Conclusion
We found that the questionnaire used in this study was valid and reliable as a measurement scale to explain aggression in adolescents based on TPB. Aggression intention should be included in aggression prevention programs because it was linked to aggressive behavior.

Citations

• A Structural Model for Aggression in Middle School Students in Korea: Based on Ajzen’s Theory of Planned Behavior
  Sook Jang, Hye Young Ahn
  International Journal of Environmental Research an.2023; 20(2): 1576.     CrossRef

The purpose of this study was to investigate the current status of the need of telephone call and to identify the status of nursing intervention through telephone. Head nurses of the pediatric nursing unit and a nurse of pediatric outpatient clinic wrote down the telephone record of calls by parents of children discharged from hospital from 7 am to 3 pm during the period of March to June, 1995. Content of 120 telephone calls but for 26 calls with incomplete record among 146 calls were analyzed into frequency of general characteristics, needs and nursing intervention. The needs of telephone call were identified and classified into 11 areas and analyzed into frequency of detailed content by 11 areas. Nursing intervention was identified and classified into 10 categories, and analyzed into frequency of detailed content by 10 categories. The findings of this study were as follows ; The need of telephone call was identified with nutritional state, medication, vital signs, language retardation, personal hygiene, vaccination, administration procedure, physical symptoms, follow up care management and others. The most frequent needs were physical symptoms and vaccination. A kind of food among nutrition dose of drugs among medication, fever among vital signs, cough among physical symptoms, and content of vaccination among vaccination was the most frequent needs. Nursing intervention through telephone was identified with instruction, knowledge offer, information offer, judgement, solicitation, referral and instruction, referral, connection, reassurance, reservation, and regulation. Instruction, knowledge offer and information offer was the most frequent nursing intervention by telephone call. Instruction was about a visit to hospital, a visit to nearby clinic, instruction about symptoms,, instruction about nursing care procedure, retelephoning and vaccination. Knowledge offer was about vaccination, knowledge related to medication, and dental care. Information offer and judgement was about vaccination and medication. Referral and instruction delivery was about instruction delivery following consultation to doctor, visit to emergency room and a visit to hospital following consultation to doctor. These results suggest that telephone call intervention program should be established as a field of extended pediatric nursing role in health care delivery system for the children.

PURPOSE
In this study an analysis was done of participants who were educated using a dental health program as compared to a control group who only used a booklet on the subject. The participants were elementary school children and the education focused on dental health knowledge, behavior, health belief, and self-efficacy.
METHODS
Sixth grade students from two different schools in D-city were assigned to an experimental group which was educated using a dental health program over five weeks and a control group which was educated with a dental care booklet.
RESULTS
The experimental group showed significant increases in knowledge, behavior, sensitivity, severity, benefit, belief, and self-efficacy indicating that the program was effective, but there were no significant differences in self-efficacy, sensitivity, severity, importance, or disability between the two groups. Significant differences between the groups were found for knowledge, behavior, and benefits regarding dental health.
CONCLUSION
The results of this study indicate that a dental health program for elementary school students is effective in increasing their knowledge and behavior regarding dental health but the lack of significant differences in several of the variables in this study may be related to the education provided to the control group using a booklet.

Citations

• Evaluating the effectiveness of various teaching methods on dental plaque removal in children: a quasi-experimental study
  Somayeh Khoramian Tusi, Zahra Momeni, Hajar Hamdollahpoor, Nastaran Parviz, Mahsa Ghorbani
  BMC Pediatrics.2025;[Epub]     CrossRef
• Impact of an Oral Health Education Workshop on Parents’ Oral Health Knowledge, Attitude, and Perceived Behavioral Control among African Immigrants
  Maryam Amin, Pawan Nyachhyon, Maryam Elyasi, Muhammed Al-Nuaimi
  Journal of Oral Diseases.2014; 2014: 1.     CrossRef
• Knowledge and Attitudes towards Infant Oral Health, and Related Health Behavior among Parents.
  Haeryun Cho
  Child Health Nursing Research.2014; 20(3): 196.     CrossRef
• Promoting Oral Health in 6-12 Year-Old Students: A Systematic Review
  Seyed Mohammad Mehdi Hazavehei, Samane Shirahmadi, Malihe Taheri, Nesa Noghan, Nafese Rezaei
  Journal of Education and Community Health.2014; 1(4): 66.     CrossRef
• Development and Verification of the Effect of Health Lifestyle Education Program for Cancer Prevention in Late School-aged Children
  Mi-Hye Cho, In-Soo Kwon
  Journal of Korean Academy of Child Health Nursing.2012; 18(4): 192.     CrossRef
• Effects of Mothers Involved in Dental Health Program for Their Children
  Hye Seon Choi, Hye Young Ahn
  Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing.2012; 42(7): 1050.     CrossRef

PURPOSE
The purpose of this study was to identify the relationship of knowledge and attitude to temptation toward cigarette smoking in adolescents. METHODS: A survey was conducted using a 52-item questionnaire in 2 high school settings. Descriptive statistics, t-tests, ANOVA, post hoc analysis and Pearson correlation coefficients were used with SPSS WIN version 14.0 to analyze the data. RESULTS: There were significant differences in attitude toward smoking and smoking temptation depending on gender, academic performance, religion, current smoking status, parental responses toward smoking, initiation of smoking, and the number of friends who smoke (p<.001). The level of smoking knowledge was not related to any of general characteristics as well as attitude toward smoking and smoking temptation. However, negative attitude toward smoking was moderately correlated with reduced smoking temptation (r=-.608, p<.001). CONCLUSION: Adolescents' attitude toward smoking and coping ability against smoking temptation were influenced by various factors related to smoking behavior and social situations, rather than by the level of smoking knowledge. In order to develop an effective smoking prevention and cessation program for adolescents, various strategies to change attitudes toward smoking should be included.

Citations

• Structural Equation Modeling on Smoking Cessation Intention in Male Technical High School Students
  Eun Su Do, Eunsuk Choi
  Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing.2017; 47(2): 211.     CrossRef
• Attitude, Knowlege, and Social Influence as Factors of Smoking Intention among Nonsmoking Middle School Students
  Young Sook Seo, Young Im Kim, Chang Hyun Lee
  Journal of the Korean Society of School Health.2016; 29(2): 81.     CrossRef
• Alcohol and tobacco use among South Korean adolescents: An ecological review of the literature
  Jun Sung Hong, Na Youn Lee, Andrew Grogan-Kaylor, Hui Huang
  Children and Youth Services Review.2011; 33(7): 1120.     CrossRef

PURPOSE
The purpose of this study was to explore family function,social support, perceived quality of life (QOL) in adolescents and to identify correlations between family function, social support, and the perceived QOL.
METHOD
The questionnaire to obtain the data consisted of questions on general characteristics of the adolescents, 20 questions on family function, 11 questions on social support, and 8 questions on perceived QOL in adolescents. The participants were 128 adolescents who were living in S area. The data were analyzed using percentages, means, t-test, ANOVA and Pearson' correlation coefficients. The WINSPSS program was used to assist in data analysis.
RESULTS
The mean score for family function was 3.07 (out of 5) and there was a significant difference between middle and high school students. The mean score for social support was 2.86 (out of 5) and there were no significant differences. The mean score for perceived QOL was 4.02 (out of 7) and there was a significant difference according to physical health. There was a positive correlation between family function, social support, and perceived QOL in adolescents.
CONCLUSION
The results indicate a need to develop programs, policy assistance and implementation to strengthen factors contributing to a high perceived quality of life in these adolescents