Purpose
This study investigated correlations between the actual sleep time 24 hours prior to an examination and the time to achieve chloral hydrate sedation in pediatric patients.
Methods
With parental consent, 84 children who were placed under moderate or deep sedation with chloral hydrate for examinations from November 19, 2020 to July 9, 2022 were recruited.
Results
Patients' average age was 19.9 months. Pediatric neurology patients and those who underwent electroencephalography took significantly longer to achieve sedation with chloral hydrate. There was a negative correlation between the time to achieve sedation and actual sleep time within 24 hours prior to the examination. Positive correlations were found between the actual sleep time 24 hours prior to the examination and the second dose per weight, as well as between the sedation recovery time and awake hours before the examination.
Conclusion
Sleep restriction is not an effective adjuvant therapy for chloral hydrate sedation in children, and sedation effects vary according to pediatric patients' characteristics. Therefore, it would be possible to reduce the unnecessary efforts of caregivers who restrict children's sleep for examinations. It is more important to educate parents about safe sedation than about sleep restriction.

Citations

• Risk factors for chloral hydrate sedation failure in pediatric patients: a retrospective analysis
  Young-Eun Jang, Jung-Bin Park, Pyoyoon Kang, Sang-Hwan Ji, Eun-Hee Kim, Ji-Hyun Lee, Hee-Soo Kim, Jin-Tae Kim
  Korean Journal of Anesthesiology.2024; 77(5): 526.     CrossRef

Purpose
This descriptive study compared the perceived parental stress levels between parents with very low birth weight infants (VLBWIs) and nurses in the neonatal intensive care unit (NICU).
Methods
In total, 83 parents of VLBWIs and 78 NICU nurses were enrolled. Data were collected with the Parental Stress Scale (PSS) and analyzed using the t-test and analysis of variance in SAS version 9.4.
Results
The average PSS score was 3.31 among parents and 3.45 among nurses. The stress score was significantly higher among nurses with children (t=2.46, p=.016) and senior nurses (t=2.12, p=.037). There was a significant difference in the stress score according to parents' education (t=3.29, p=.002) and occupation (F=3.14, p=.049) in the sights and sounds subscale. Mothers had significantly higher stress scores than fathers in the parental role alterations subscale (t=2.32, p=.023). Parental stress scores were higher than those perceived by nurses in the infant's appearance and behaviors subscale for breathing patterns (t=2.95, p=.004), followed by jerky/ restless behavior (t=2.70, p=.008).
Conclusion
Nurses should provide explanations to parents of VLBWIs in order to reduce parental stress about the appearances and behavior of VLBWIs. This is more important than aspect of the NICU environment and education about parental roles.

Citations

• What Influences Maternal Stress in The NICU Among Mothers of Preterm Infants?
  Halyna Pavlyshyn, Iryna Sarapuk
  Journal of Multidisciplinary Healthcare.2025; Volume 18: 5713.     CrossRef
• Relationship between Maternal Stress and Neurobehavioral Indicators of Preterm Infants in the Neonatal Intensive Care Unit
  Bruna Abreu Ramos, Cibelle Kayenne Martins Roberto Formiga, Nayara Rodrigues Gomes de Oliveira, Patricia Gonçalves Evangelista Marçal, Rui Gilberto Ferreira, Tárik Kassem Saidah, Waldemar Naves do Amaral
  Children.2024; 11(8): 889.     CrossRef
• Parental stress and nurse-parent support in the neonatal intensive care unit: a cross-sectional study
  Dilek Konukbay, Mürşide Vural, Dilek Yildiz
  BMC Nursing.2024;[Epub]     CrossRef
• Fatores associados ao estresse de pais em Unidade de Terapia Intensiva Neonatal
  Jaquiele Jaciára Kegler, Eliane Tatsch Neves, Augusto Maciel da Silva, Diúlia Calegari de Oliveira, Kellen Cervo Zamberlan
  Acta Paulista de Enfermagem.2023;[Epub]     CrossRef
• The experience of fathers whose infants were hospitalized in Neonatal Intensive Care Unit in South Korea: A scoping review
  Jiyeon Lee, Sunyeob Choi
  Journal of Pediatric Nursing.2023; 72: 36.     CrossRef

Purpose
The aim of this retrospective study was to analyze the characteristics of peripheral arterial ischemia and tissue necrosis in premature babies, as well as the effects of nitroglycerin.
Methods
In total, 513 newborns were enrolled who were admitted to the neonatal intensive care unit with a gestational age of 34 weeks or younger. Data were collected on general personal and clinical information, peripheral arterial ischemia, and nitroglycerin patch application in the premature infants. The collected data were analyzed using the x² test, t-test, Mann-Whitney U test, logistic regression.
Results
Thirty-six (7.0%) infants had peripheral arterial ischemia, while 477 (93.0%) infants did not. Lower gestational age (x²=35.97, p<.001), lower birth weight (x²=29.40, p<.001), lower blood pressure (x²=23.10, p<.001), and insertion of an umbilical artery catheter (p<.001) were significantly associated with the occurrence of peripheral arterial ischemia. Among the preterm infants in whom nitroglycerin patches were applied, 30 (83.3%) premature infants without necrosis improved without complications, 4 (11.1%) showed hypotension, and 2 (5.6%) showed skin damage.
Conclusion
Based on a review of our experiences with nitroglycerin patches, we recommend closely observing skin color and using nitroglycerin patches on the skin to help improve flow in premature infants with peripheral arterial ischemia.

Citations

• Topical nitroglycerin in newborns with ischemic injuries: A systematic review
  Rafat Mosalli, Wed Khayyat, Sarah Al Qarni, Amirah Al Matrafi, Mohamed El Baz, Bosco Paes
  Saudi Pharmaceutical Journal.2021; 29(7): 764.     CrossRef

Purpose
This study aimed to identify correlations between the status of the umbilical cord and neonatal health status.
Methods
In total, 172 newborns were enrolled who were admitted to the newborn nursery with a gestational age of 35 weeks or older and a body weight of 2 kg or above. Data were collected on the basic personal information of the newborns, the diameter and soft tissue status of the umbilical cord, and neonatal health status after birth. Analyses were performed using t-test, analysis of variance, x² test, and Fisher exact test.
Results
Umbilical cord diameter exhibited a statistically significant difference by sex (t=2.71, p=.007). A thin umbilical cord diameter was associated with a 1-minute Apgar score less than 8 points (t=2.47, p=.015) and with being transferred to the intensive care unit (t=2.45, p=.015). Poor soft tissue status of the umbilical cord was associated with a 1-minute Apgar score of less than 8 points (x²=16.68, p<.001) and with oxygen being supplied (x²=4.81, p=.028).
Conclusion
Assessing the umbilical cord diameter and status in newborns is an important tool for evaluating neonatal health status after birth, and this point also underscores the importance of professionals' careful observations in the newborn nursery.

Citations

• Sex dimorphic associations of Prader–Willi imprinted gene expressions in umbilical cord with prenatal and postnatal growth in healthy infants
  Berta Mas-Parés, Gemma Carreras-Badosa, Ariadna Gómez-Vilarrubla, Antonio De Arriba-Muñoz, Olivia Lafalla-Bernard, Anna Prats-Puig, Francis De Zegher, Lourdes Ibañez, Andrea M. Haqq, Judit Bassols, Abel Lopez-Bermejo
  World Journal of Pediatrics.2025; 21(1): 100.     CrossRef
• EVALUATION OF UMBILICAL CORD THICKNESS AND ITS ASSOCIATION WITH ANTENATAL MATERNAL RISK FACTORS
  SWAROOP SINGH, PUNEET JAIN, SUNNY MALVIA
  Asian Journal of Pharmaceutical and Clinical Resea.2025; : 60.     CrossRef
• Effect of rooming‐in kangaroo mother care on breastfeeding and behavioral status of full‐term newborns
  Yin Ying, Sichao Chen, Lijun Bei, Junhua Ye, Shan Jin
  Journal of Obstetrics and Gynaecology Research.2024; 50(12): 2263.     CrossRef
• Evaluation of Umbilical Cord Thickness and Its Association with Antenatal Maternal Risk Factors: A Cross Sectional Prospective Study
  Jaiprakash Narayan, Deepali Bangalia, Laxman Singh Charan, Satyendr Sonkariya, Dinesh Kumar Barolia, Pukhraj Garg
  Journal of Comprehensive Pediatrics.2022;[Epub]     CrossRef

Purpose
This study compared nursing frequency, nursing time, and nursing intervention priorities depending on the method of neonatal induced hypothermia.
Methods
We observed 15 neonatal subjects receiving therapeutic hypothermia for 3 days each. Forty-five nurses experienced with nursing neonatal patients under therapeutic hypothermia provided responses about nursing intervention priorities. Analyses with the chi-square, the Fisher exact test, the paired t-test, the Wilcoxon signed rank test, and the Wilcoxon rank-sum test were performed on the data using SAS version 9.4.
Results
The frequency of nursing activities was higher for selective head therapeutic hypothermia (SHTH) than for systemic therapeutic hypothermia (STH), and nursing time was also significantly longer. In terms of nursing intervention priorities, there were priority differences in "risk for ineffective thermoregulation" and "risks for impaired skin integrity" for SHTH compared to STH.
Conclusion
Since SHTH for neonatal therapeutic hypothermia requires more nursing time and frequent nursing activities than STH, STH is therefore recommended if the therapeutic efficacy is similar. Appropriate nursing personnel should be allocated for neonatal SHTH nursing. Nurses should be aware of nursing interventions for therapeutic hypothermia as the priorities are different for different methods of neonatal therapeutic hypothermia.

PURPOSE
In this study changes were observed in body temperature, heart rate and arterial oxygen saturation (SaO2) of newborns after bathing and to determine the effects of covering their heads with cotton hats after bathing.
METHODS
Participants were 58 newborn infants, 31 in the experimental group had their heads covered with cotton hats after their bath while 27 in the control group did not. Body temperature, arterial oxygen saturation and heart rate were measured at 8 consecutive times after bathing. Data were analyzed using t-test and repeated measures ANOVA.
RESULTS
Body temperature declined shortly after bathing. The experimental group showed faster recovery (p<.001). Heart rate increased after bathing in both groups. Heart rate in the experimental group decreased for 120 minutes and gradually increased to baseline (p<.001). In the control group, heart rate decreased for 180 minutes and then increased but did not reach the baseline (p<.001). Arterial oxygen saturation decreased shortly after bathing and recovery to the baseline was more rapid in the experimental group (30 minutes vs. 60 minutes) (p<.001).
CONCLUSION
With significant changes observed in newborns' body temperature, arterial oxygen saturation and heart rate, covering the head right after bathing is effective in stabilizing infants' physiological system.

Citations

• Timing of Post-bath Skin Moisturizer Application to Newborn Infants: A Randomized Controlled Study
  Duygu Gözen, Özlem Akarsu, Şadiye Dur, Burcu Akça
  Advances in Skin & Wound Care.2023; 36(1): 1.     CrossRef
• Effect of Two Bathing Methods on Physiologic Parameters in Pediatric Intensive Care
  Özgül Öz, Gülzade Uysal, Duygu Sönmez Düzkaya
  Clinical Nursing Research.2022; 31(5): 858.     CrossRef
• First bathing time of newborn infants after birth: A comparative analysis
  Duygu Gözen, Sinem Y. Çaka, Selda A. Beşirik, Yıldız Perk
  Journal for Specialists in Pediatric Nursing.2019;[Epub]     CrossRef
• Effects of Underrunning Water Bathing and Immersion Tub Bathing on Vital Signs of Newborn Infants
  Işıl Ar, Duygu Gözen
  Advances in Neonatal Care.2018; 18(6): E3.     CrossRef

The purpose of this study was to confirm the efficient umbilical cord care of healthy newborns in nursery. In order to determine the efficient care, the time of umbilical cord separation and the skin condition of periumbilical area were evaluated. The data were collected in sample of 529 normal, healthy newborns of C hospital in Seoul, from September 1st, 1999 to January 16th, 2000. The babies were randomly selected and allocated into four groups-alcohol swab/tub bath, alcohol swab/partial bath, natural dry/tub bath, natural dry/partial bath- by the methods of care. The mothers of babies were also surveyed by questionnaire about general characteristics. The data were analyzed by SAS program. The results of this study were as follows : 1. The average gestation period of newborns was 39 + 3 weeks. The average birth weight was 3.27Kg. In gender of babies, boys were 51.7% and girls were 48.3%. The 65% of newborns were born normal vaginal delivery, 35% were C-section. The feeding methods were 55.3% of the babies fed by mixed type, 22.9% by breast, and 21.8% by bottle. There was no significance among four groups by general characteristics. 2. The average time of umbilical cord separation was 8.27 days(SD=2.3). The time was no difference significantly among four groups(F=1.68, P=0.17). 3.The prevalence of the umbilical care complication did not show differences among four groups( 2=3.93, P=0.27). In conclusion, Nurses have preferred the traditional alcohol swab/partial bath method in care of newborns. But there was no difference among the ways to take care of umbilicus according to this study. The way to naturally is more efficient due to reduce the time and expense in umbilical care for normal babies of nursery. This also matched the change in approach to healthy population from intervention to nonintervention way. This could be suggested in education for normal and healthy babies care at home and nursery as a useful way. Endly, the further study about bacterial colony and infection rate at umbilicus by ways of care is needed.