Purpose The purpose of this study was to investigate pediatric nurses' perceptions regarding in end-of-life care and turnover intention.
Methods A cross-sectional descriptive study was performed among 111 hospital nurses. Pediatric nurses' perceptions of obstacles and supportive behaviors were measured using the Pediatric Nurses' Perceptions of End of Life Care Questionnaire which was translated into Korean and turnover intention was measured using the Korean Nurse Turnover Intention Scale (K-NTIS).
Results The supportive behavior with the highest perceived magnitude was 'Physicians who are compassionate, but very clear about prognosis.' The obstacle with the highest perceived magnitude was 'Instigating painful treatments when there is no hope of recovery.' Pediatric nurses' perceptions of obstacles in end-of-life care showed statistically significant differences depending on whether nurses received end-of-life care education (t=2.02, p=.046). The perception of obstacles in end-of-life care was positively correlated with turnover intention (intensity r=.28, p=.002) (frequency r=.20, p=.027).
Conclusion These results suggest that pediatric nurses' perception of obstacles and supportive behaviors in end-of-life care need to be assessed when considering turnover intention. Furthermore, psychological counseling should be offered to nurses to prevent burnout and reduce moral distress which is correlated with the turnover rate.
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Purpose The aim of this study was to test whether maternal uncertainty and the general characteristics of mothers and children influenced maternal coping.
Methods In this cross-sectional study, 190 mothers whose children had been admitted to the pediatric ward of a general hospital completed self-report questionnaires during their children’s hospitalization. The questionnaires assessed the general characteristics of the mothers and children, maternal uncertainty, and maternal coping. Multiple regression analysis was used to test the research model.
Results In the multivariable model, help from one’s spouse (t=3.10, p=.002), religion (t=2.68, p=.008), overall ambiguity (t=2.64, p=.009), and family income (t=2.33, p=.021) were associated with higher coping scores.
Conclusion This research model presents possible guidelines for pediatric nurses to provide comprehensive and accurate information on children's illnesses and treatments for mothers of children hospitalized in general hospitals. In particular, nurses should pay more attention to mothers who are not receiving help from their spouses, are not religious, and have a low family income.
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Purpose This study aimed to compare the quality of nursing care as perceived by registered nurses and mothers of hospitalized children in South Korea.
Methods This was a descriptive study that recruited 70 mothers of hospitalized children and 70 nurses in pediatric units in university hospitals as participants. The quality of pediatric nursing care was measured using importance and performance scores for 19 items describing various elements of nursing care. The collected data were analyzed using descriptive statistics and the independent t-test.
Results The hospitalized children mothers’mean importance scores were significantly higher than those of the nurses (t=2.94, p=.004). However, there were no significant differences in the mean performance scores of nurses and mothers (t=0.91, p=.363) or between nurses’and mothers’perceptions of quality of nursing care, with the exception of a significant difference for the quality of explanations (t=2.78, p=.006). The quality of explanations was assessed more positively by nurses than by mothers.
Conclusion This study suggests that when developing strategies to improve the quality of nursing care in pediatric wards, ensuring that pediatric nurses provide detailed explanations should be considered as a way to improve the quality of nursing care in pediatric units.
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Purpose The purpose of this study was to identify factors associated with smartphone overdependency in preschool children based on an analysis of mother, child, and their mutual dyadic relationships.
Methods Data were collected from 171 mothers of preschool children enrolled at daycare centers and kindergartens from January to March 2018. The data were analyzed by descriptive statistics, the t-test, analysis of variance with Scheffé post hoc test, Pearson correlation coefficient, and hierarchical regression analysis using SPSS version 24.
Results The self regulation of preschool children (β=-.358, p<.001) was the factor most closely associated with smartphone overdependency. The second most closely associated factor was children’s use of a smartphone 0.5-1 hour daily (β=-.249, p=.005). Additional associated factors were mothers’ use of a smartphone for 3-4 hours daily (β=.217, p=.002), children’s use of a smartphone for less than 0.5 hour daily (β=-.212, p=.006), and children’s use of a smartphone for 1-2 days per week (β=-.205, p=.026).
Conclusion Based on the results of this study, it is necessary to try to develop guidelines and programs to prevent smart phone overdependency in preschool children.
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Purpose This study was designed to analyze recent trends in adolescent suicide intervention research in Korea and to suggest future research directions in this area.
Methods Studies Thirty-four studies selected from http://www.riss4u.net over the for last 20 years were analyzed by field and design of the study, study participants, and the outcome variables used in intervention studies.
Results Nineteen (55.9%) of the 34 studies were conducted in the fields of welfare (9), psychology (5) and nursing science (5). Ordinary adolescents were the most frequently studied participants. A nonequivalent control group pretest-posttest design was used in twenty one (61.7%) of the 34 studies. The most frequently measured outcome variables were depression, suicidal ideation and self-esteem.
Conclusion These results suggest that research on adolescent suicide intervention programs is expanding with a focus on ordinary adolescents as and subjects. In order to prevent suicide, research on family, teachers, and friends, who all are important parts of a teenager’s support system, is needed. It is also necessary to develop a post-management intervention program to prevent recurrence in high-risk teenagers who have attempted suicide.
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Purpose The purpose of this study was to explore and describe the meaning and essence of a mother’s experience of hospitalization of her newborn in the neonatal intensive care unit (NICU).
Methods This study employed a qualitative research design. An interview was conducted with a mother whose newborn was hospitalized in the NICU, and the data were analyzed using Giorgi’s phenomenological method.
Results Five main themes and 19 formulated meanings were indentified. The 5 themes were ‘drowning in pain’, ‘just look outside the glass door’, ‘being a pillar’, ‘a deepening attachment’, and ‘prepare for nurturing with hope’.
Conclusion The results of this study provided an in-depth understanding of the experience of a mother with a newborn in the NICU. These results can be used in the development of a nursing intervention program that provides psychological and emotional support to the mother and family.
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Purpose This study was conducted to explore experiences of the development of parent-child relations among Korean college students.
Methods The participants were 18 Korean college students. Data were collected through in-depth interviews, and the main question was, "Could you tell me about how your relationship with your parents has developed?". Data were analyzed using Strauss and Corbin's grounded theory methodology.
Results The central phenomena of the experiences of parent-child relations among Korean college students were 'new realizations about parent-child relations' and 'competing against parents'. The major action/interaction strategies were 'having an equal status to one's parents' and 'keeping parents at a distance'. Consequences included 'going beyond the bounds of parental guidance'.
Conclusion These findings indicate that students tried to give back to their parents, and also endeavored to stand apart from their parents in order to obtain independence. Their efforts were influenced by their parents' efforts to be tolerant towards their children. The findings emphasize that Korean college students experienced the process of building new, interdependent relations with their parents.
Purpose The purpose of this study was to investigate factors affecting the experience of depression in school-aged children from multicultural families.
Methods Data from 1,812 school-aged children of multicultural families were collected from the 2015 National Multicultural Family Survey. Logistic regression was conducted based on complex sample analysis using SAS 9.4.
Results Significant predictors for experiencing depression were lower self-esteem, lower Korean proficiency, less time spent conversing with the father, lower degree of parental interest, poorer school adjustment, greater difficulties with schoolwork, and experiencing violence at school.
Conclusion This study showed that factors related to the individual, family, and school environment influenced the experience of depression. Based on a consideration of these factors, it is necessary to develop an effective program to prevent depression by establishing high-risk criteria for depression.
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Purpose This study was describes the development and implementation a sex education program with a blended learning method for university students.
Methods Sixty-eight university students were recruited either to the experimental group (n=35) or the control group (n=33). This program was developed based on the analysis, design, development, implementation, and evaluation model. The analysis phase consisted of a literature review, focus group interview, expert consultations, and target group survey. In addition, learning objectives and structure were designed, and a printed text-book, presentation slides, cross-word puzzle, and debate topics were developed. In the implementation phase, the program was conducted 3 times over the course of 3 weeks. The evaluation phase involved verification of the effects of the program on sex-related knowledge, sexual autonomy, and justification of violence, as well as an assessment of satisfaction with the program.
Results The experimental group had significantly higher scores on sex-related knowledge (t=5.47, p<.001), sexual autonomy (t=2.40, p=.019), and justification of violence (t=2.52, p=.015) than the control group.
Conclusion The results indicate that this sex education program with blended learning was effective in meeting the needs of university students and can be widely used in this context.
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Purpose The purpose of this study was to develop an experience-based sex education program to improve adjustment to puberty in elementary school students in the upper grades and to verify its effectiveness.
Methods This study had a pretest-posttest nonequivalent control group design. The subjects of this study were a total of 95 sixth-graders in Y city (experimental group: 48, control group: 47). The measurement variables were sexual knowledge, body image, self-esteem, and satisfaction with life. Four sessions of the experience-based sex education program to improve adjustment to puberty, consisting of 40 minutes per session, were provided to the experimental group.
Results Children’s sexual knowledge, self-esteem, and satisfaction with life in the experimental group, which participated in the experience-based sexual education program to improve adjustment to puberty, showed a significant increase compared to the control group. However, there was no statistically significant difference in body image.
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Purpose The purpose of this study was to identify and describe health care providers’ perceptions of family-centered care in pediatrics.
Methods A qualitative descriptive study was designed. Data were collected from individual interviews using open-ended questions. Fifty-six pediatric health care providers participated in the study from January to April 2015. Data were analyzed using qualitative content analysis to identify the major perceptions of pediatric health care providers.
Results The providers perceived that the concept of family-centered care has been incompletely implemented. Five themes (respecting a child's family, taking care of a child with the child's family, sharing information about children, supporting a child's family, a child's family participating in child care) with 11 sub-themes were identified in the providers’ experiences with families. To achieve the goal of family-centered care in pediatrics, medical and nursing conditions must be improved, education about family-centered care must be provided, and improvements should be made in the mindset of health care providers regarding patients and in families’ willingness to participate in care.
Conclusion The findings from this study provide insight into pediatric health care providers’ perceptions of family-centered care. It will contribute to the establishment of a foundation for implementing family-centered care in pediatric nursing.
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Purpose This study aimed to identify stress levels due to end-of-life care, coping strategies, and psychological well-being among nurses in neonatal intensive care unit, and to investigate the effect of stress levels and coping strategies on their well-being.
Methods A total of 128 nurses in the neonatal intensive care units of general hospitals in B city participated. The data were collected using a self-report questionnaire. The collected data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, the t-test, ANOVA, the Pearson correlation coefficient, and hierarchical regression with SPSS version 22.0.
Results The coping strategy that nurses most often used was seeking social support. The factors affecting the well-being of the participants were wishful thinking, problem-focused coping and seeking social support, in order. Those 3 variables explained 21 % of the total variance in psychological well-being. Problem-focused coping and seeking social support were positively associated with psychological well-being, while wishful thinking showed a negative association.
Conclusion In order to improve the psychological well-being of nurses in neonatal intensive care units, it is necessary to provide nurses with a program to build a social support system and to improve their problem-based coping skills.
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Purpose This study was conducted to develop a scale for measuring aggression in adolescents, based on Ajzen's Theory of Planned Behavior (TPB).
Methods The participants were 38 adolescents in an in-depth study conducted to develop items for indirect measurement, 13 adolescents in a pre-test, and 289 adolescents in the present survey. The collected data were analyzed using content validity, the correlation coefficient, exploratory factor analysis, confirmatory factor analysis, reliability, and the Cronbach's ⍺.
Results In this study, the most important variable related to aggression was found to be aggression intention. This study included 4 factors of direct measurement and 6 factors of indirect measurement; therefore, 41 questions were developed. Increased levels of aggression were associated with higher scores for attitudes of aggression, subjective norms, perceived behavioral control, and aggression intention.
Conclusion We found that the questionnaire used in this study was valid and reliable as a measurement scale to explain aggression in adolescents based on TPB. Aggression intention should be included in aggression prevention programs because it was linked to aggressive behavior.
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Purpose The purpose of this study was to examine changes in the self-rated health of adolescents and to identify its predictors using longitudinal data from the KCYPS.
Methods A sample of 2,351 adolescents who were in the first grade of middle school in 2010 was analyzed. The study employed latent growth analysis using data from 2010 to 2016.
Results Results indicated that self-rated health of adolescents increased, following the form of a linear function. The analyses revealed that adolescent self-perception of health were conceptualized not only by their health-related behaviors, but also by personal, socioeconomic and psychological factors. Specifically, physical activity, passive leisure time activities, gender (initial: b=-.060, slope: b=.030), place of residence (initial: b=-.079), self-rated economic condition (b=.098), working status of mother (b=.016), monthly family income (b=-.001), aggression (b=.061), depression (initial: b=-.104, slope: b=.012), stress (initial: b=-.172, slope: b=.014, ego-resiliency (initial: b=.197, slope: b=-.021), and self-esteem (initial: b=.106, slope: b=-.017) had significant effects on the overall linear change of self-rated health (p<.05 for all estimators above).
Conclusion The findings of this study suggest that adolescents’ self evaluation of their health is shaped by their total sense of functioning, which includes individual, health-related behavioral, socioeconomic, and psychological factors.
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Purpose The purpose of this study was to investigate psychological capital, sense of community and stress in relation to school adjustment and to identify factors influencing school adjustment in middle school students.
Methods This study population consisted of 150 middle school students. Data were analyzed using t-test, analysis of variance, Pearson correlation coefficient, and multiple regression analysis.
Results The mean score for school adjustment in middle school students was 3.68 out of 5 points. School adjustment explained 34% of the variance in sense of community (β=.39, p<.001), positive psychological capital (β=.35, p<.001), academic performance (β=.26, p<.001), and stress (β=-.21, p<.001).
Conclusion The results of our research suggest that sense of community is an important variable influencing school adjustment in middle school students. Therefore, to promote school adjustment in middle school students, it is necessary to develop and implement active educational strategies promoting sense of community, positive psychological capital, academic perfomance, and controlling stress.
Purpose This study compared nursing frequency, nursing time, and nursing intervention priorities depending on the method of neonatal induced hypothermia.
Methods We observed 15 neonatal subjects receiving therapeutic hypothermia for 3 days each. Forty-five nurses experienced with nursing neonatal patients under therapeutic hypothermia provided responses about nursing intervention priorities. Analyses with the chi-square, the Fisher exact test, the paired t-test, the Wilcoxon signed rank test, and the Wilcoxon rank-sum test were performed on the data using SAS version 9.4.
Results The frequency of nursing activities was higher for selective head therapeutic hypothermia (SHTH) than for systemic therapeutic hypothermia (STH), and nursing time was also significantly longer. In terms of nursing intervention priorities, there were priority differences in "risk for ineffective thermoregulation" and "risks for impaired skin integrity" for SHTH compared to STH.
Conclusion Since SHTH for neonatal therapeutic hypothermia requires more nursing time and frequent nursing activities than STH, STH is therefore recommended if the therapeutic efficacy is similar. Appropriate nursing personnel should be allocated for neonatal SHTH nursing. Nurses should be aware of nursing interventions for therapeutic hypothermia as the priorities are different for different methods of neonatal therapeutic hypothermia.
Purpose The purpose of this study was to investigate the needs for pediatric palliative care (PPC) among parents of children with complex chronic conditions (CCCs) and to investigate differences in the needs for PPC according to their general characteristics.
Methods A cross-sectional survey was conducted between March 28 and May 18, 2018. Parents (N=96) who had a child under 18 years with a CCC were recruited. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, independent t-test, and one-way ANOVA.
Results The overall average need for PPC was 3.58±0.33 out of 4.00. In terms of care for the subjects' children, the highest need was physical care, followed by psychosocial and spiritual care. In the sub-dimensions, preservation of physical function received the highest score. Of the items, the highest need was for seizure control. In terms of care for the subjects themselves, the highest need was for psychosocial care, followed by bereavement and spiritual care. In the sub-dimensions, communication received the highest score. Of the items, the highest need was for smooth communication with medical staff. Differences in needs for PPC according to participants’ general characteristics were not statistically significant.
Conclusion Medical staff should provide PPC according to the priorities of parents’ perceived needs.
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Nurses’ Perceived Needs and Barriers Regarding Pediatric Palliative Care: A Mixed-Methods Study Kyung-Ah Kang, SuJeong Yu, Cho Hee Kim, Myung-Nam Lee, Sujeong Kim, So-Hi Kwon, Sanghee Kim, Hyun Sook Kim, Myung-Hee Park, Sung Eun Choi The Korean Journal of Hospice and Palliative Care.2022; 25(2): 85. CrossRef
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