| Development of a Coping Scale for Emergency Situations with Elementary School Students. |
| Shin Jeong Kim, Jung Eun Lee, Kyung Ah Kang, Mi Kyung Song, Sook Kyung Lee, Sung Hee Kim |
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1Department of Nursing, Hallym University, Chuncheon, Korea. ksj@hallym.ac.kr
2Department of Emergency Medical Technology, Dongnam Health College, Suwon, Korea.
3Department of Nursing, Samyook University, Seoul, Korea.
4Heungmoo Elementary School, Gyeongju, Korea.
5Department of Nursing Science, Ewha Womans University, Seoul, Korea.
6Redcross College of Nursing, Seoul, Korea. |
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| Abstract |
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PURPOSE: This study was conducted to develop an instrument to measure coping in emergency situations. METHODS: The process included construction of a conceptual framework, generation 60 primary items, verification of construct validity and extraction of final items. The 60 preliminary items were reviewed for content validity by seven experts and were tested to evaluate inter-item correlation coefficient by three groups of elementary school students.
From November 1 to December 10, 2008, data were collected from 920 elementary school students according to residential characters (major city, small town, rural area). Item analysis, factor analysis with rotation Varimax and Cronbach's alpha were used to analyze the data. RESULTS: 1) There were 45 items in the final instrument categorized into 8 factors. 2) The factors were labeled as "Call for help and check" (8 items), "Care for common symptoms" (6 items), "Appropriate response for the situation" (5 items), "Evacuation" (6 items), "Care for tissue damage" (8 items), "Care for injury by heat, cold or foreign body" (6 items), "Offer help" (4 items) and "Rescue & escape" (2 items). 3) Cumulative percent of variance was 53.10% and eigen values ranged from 1.04 to 13.38. 4) Cronbach's alpha for the total was .943 and ranged from .527 to .869. CONCLUSION: Validity and reliability of the scale are confirmed in this study showing its utility for measuring coping in emergency situations with elementary school students. Utilization of the scale will also contribute to designing appropriate coping education programs for elementary school students. |
| Key words:
Coping behavior; Emergencies; Students |
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